Sentinel surveillance of COVID-19 in 2024-2025 shows the persistence of Omicron circulation and the introduction of the XFJ recombinant in the Republic of Guinea.

IF 0.9 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Pan African Medical Journal Pub Date : 2026-05-11 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI:10.11604/pamj.2026.54.6.52267

Mamadou Bhoye Keita, Bassala Traore, Houssainatou Bah, Mamadou Aliou Sampou, Pépé Tohonamou, Almamy Amara Toure, Moussa Aminata Keita, Mamoudou Conde, Bile Ebi, Sidiki Ibrahima Bamba, Ibrahima Fane, Abdoulaye Diakite, Abdoulaye Fodé Toure, Sékou Oumar Traore, Mamadou Dian Djiwo Diallo, Oumou Salamata Diallo, Mamadou Baghirou Bah, Mafoudia Soumare, Kaba Kourouma, Pierre Fenano, Mahamoud Sama Cherif

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: several studies have shown the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 between 2020 and 2023 in Guinea. This study provides updated information on the circulation dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 from 2024 to 2025 and the variants circulating in Guinea.

Methods: as part of the integrated influenza/COVID-19 sentinel surveillance program, 2423 nasopharyngeal samples were analysed using RT-PCR, and those positive for SARS-CoV-2 were sequenced using the Illumina COVIDSeq Assay protocol.

Results: all age groups, ranging from <2 years to > 64 years, were affected by COVID-19, with an average SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate of 2.3%. The virus showed sporadic activity throughout the 2024-2025 period, with a higher level of activity during epidemiological week 42 (October) of 2024. Genomic analysis showed that only the Omicron variant circulated, along with its subvariants JN.1 and LF.7, in 2024. Subvariant LF.7 and recombinant XFJ also circulated in 2025.

Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 subvariants continue to circulate sporadically in Guinea, with the XFJ recombinant having been detected in humans. Therefore, it is imperative to strengthen sentinel, genomic, and environmental surveillance for the early detection of any new COVID-19 outbreak and the potential emergence of new variants.

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2024-2025年对COVID-19的哨点监测显示，在几内亚共和国欧米克隆循环持续存在，并引入了XFJ重组病毒。

导言：几项研究表明，2020年至2023年期间，SARS-CoV-2在几内亚的演变。这项研究提供了2024年至2025年SARS-CoV-2的传播动态以及在几内亚传播的变体的最新信息。方法：作为流感/COVID-19哨点综合监测计划的一部分，采用RT-PCR对2423份鼻咽样本进行分析，并使用Illumina covid - seq Assay方案对SARS-CoV-2阳性样本进行测序。结果：64岁以下各年龄组均有感染，SARS-CoV-2平均阳性率2.3%。该病毒在2024-2025年期间呈散发活动，在2024年流行病学第42周（10月）的活动水平较高。基因组分析表明，在2024年，只有Omicron变体及其亚变体JN.1和LF.7流传。亚型LF.7和重组XFJ也在2025年传播。结论：SARS-CoV-2亚型继续在几内亚零星传播，在人类中检测到重组XFJ。因此，必须加强哨点监测、基因组监测和环境监测，以便及早发现任何新的COVID-19疫情和可能出现的新变种。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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