Effects of Build Orientation on Mode III Fracture Load of Additively Manufactured Polylactic Acid Material.

IF 2.5 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing Pub Date : 2025-05-19 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI:10.1089/3dp.2024.0236

Bahman Paygozar, Recep M Gorguluarslan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study investigates the mode III fracture behavior of polylactic acid (PLA) fabricated by additive manufacturing (AM) through both experimental testing and numerical simulation. While AM is widely used in structural applications, research on mode III fracture behavior remains limited, particularly regarding the influence of build orientation on shear-driven failure. In this study, transverse shear cracked plate specimens were fabricated using fused filament fabrication (FFF) in three build orientations: horizontal, lateral, and vertical. These specimens were tested under mode III loading using a newly designed tensile testing fixture to determine the fracture toughness of PLA for each orientation. Young's modulus values, obtained from tensile tests on dog-bone specimens, were used to compute the mode III fracture energy. Numerical simulations were performed using the extended finite element method (XFEM) to predict fracture load and crack propagation. The results showed close agreement with experiments, with deviations of 1.1%, 8.5%, and 0.4% for horizontal, lateral, and vertical orientations, respectively. The closest agreement was observed for vertically printed specimens, attributed to the intrinsic nature of mode III loading. These findings highlight the potential of XFEM as a reliable tool for predicting shear-driven fracture behavior in FFF-printed PLA across different build orientations, supporting improved structural evaluation and design decisions.

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构建取向对增材制造聚乳酸材料III型断裂载荷的影响

通过实验测试和数值模拟研究了增材制造（AM）制备的聚乳酸（PLA）的III型断裂行为。虽然增材制造在结构应用中得到了广泛的应用，但对III型断裂行为的研究仍然有限，特别是关于构建方向对剪切驱动破坏的影响。在本研究中，采用熔融长丝制造（FFF）技术在水平、横向和垂直三种构建方向上制作横向剪切裂纹板试件。这些试样在III型载荷下使用新设计的拉伸测试夹具进行测试，以确定PLA在每个方向上的断裂韧性。杨氏模量值是从狗骨试件的拉伸试验中获得的，用于计算III型断裂能。采用扩展有限元法（XFEM）进行数值模拟，预测断裂载荷和裂纹扩展。结果与实验结果吻合较好，水平、横向和垂直方向的偏差分别为1.1%、8.5%和0.4%。最接近的协议被观察到垂直印刷的标本，归因于III型加载的固有性质。这些发现突出了XFEM作为预测fff打印PLA在不同构建方向上剪切驱动断裂行为的可靠工具的潜力，支持改进的结构评估和设计决策。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing Materials Science-Materials Science (miscellaneous)

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

6.50%

发文量

126

期刊介绍： 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing is a peer-reviewed journal that provides a forum for world-class research in additive manufacturing and related technologies. The Journal explores emerging challenges and opportunities ranging from new developments of processes and materials, to new simulation and design tools, and informative applications and case studies. Novel applications in new areas, such as medicine, education, bio-printing, food printing, art and architecture, are also encouraged. The Journal addresses the important questions surrounding this powerful and growing field, including issues in policy and law, intellectual property, data standards, safety and liability, environmental impact, social, economic, and humanitarian implications, and emerging business models at the industrial and consumer scales.