Healthy balance in physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep in older adults and people with limited mobility.

Abstract

Objective: To explore barriers and facilitators to physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep among low-income older adults (OA) and people with limited mobility (PLM) in urban and rural Mexico.

Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study with twelve focus groups.

Results: OA and PLM shared barriers and facilitators. Participants perceived more barriers than facilitators to physical activity, largely due to poor infrastructure, medical indications, physical fatigue, and safety concerns. Environmental factors such as noise, hot weather, insects, and screen use were shared barriers for sleep. However, social support encouraged physical activity, active breaks limited sedentary behavior, and relaxation techniques, and consistent bedtime routines enhanced sleep. For OA, personal motivation and green spaces were also physical activity facilitators. For PLM, family overprotection contributed to increased sedentary behaviors.

Conclusions: This study highlights the need for inclusive public health initiatives that address structural and social barriers, fostering more active and healthier lifestyles for these populations.