Comparative Evaluation of Using Binaural Noise and Virtual Reality in Dental Management of Anxious Children: An In Vivo Study.

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) and binaural noise as distraction techniques for managing dental anxiety in pediatric patients.

Subjects and methods: Forty-four healthy children aged 5-8 years, with mild-to-moderate anxiety (Frankle's rating 2 and 3), participated. Each child was exposed to three different distraction methods on separate visits: (1) control (no aid), (2) binaural noise, and (3) VR. Anxiety levels were measured using Venham's picture test and pulse oximetry before and after local anesthesia (LA).

Statistical analysis: The values were recorded in Microsoft Excel sheets, and the data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27 software. Analysis of the data between groups was carried out using repeated measures analysis of variance (RANOVA) to analyze the effects of intervention, Chi-square test, and paired t-test for differences between groups.

Results: Both VR and binaural noise significantly reduced anxiety compared to the control group. The VR group showed the most pronounced reduction in pulse rate and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, indicating lower anxiety and stress. The binaural noise group showed moderate anxiety reduction, whereas the control group experienced a significant increase in anxiety post-LA. Statistical analysis confirmed VR's superior effectiveness in reducing anxiety.

Conclusion: VR was the most effective in reducing dental anxiety, likely due to its immersive, multisensory experience. Binaural noise also reduced anxiety but to a lesser extent. The study suggests that nonpharmacological techniques, particularly VR, can significantly improve pediatric dental care by reducing anxiety and enhancing the treatment experience for young patients.