Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, Control, and Determinants of Hypertension: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Southwest Iran.

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is the primary modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Our study aimed to assess the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in southwest Iran.

Methods: This population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the enrollment phase of Hoveyzeh cohort study in 10,009 adults aged 35-70 in southwest Iran between 2016 and 2018. Information on demographic characteristics socioeconomic status, Hypertension, comorbidities, family history of Hypertension was collected. Logistic regression was employed to identify the factors associated with hypertension, as well as awareness, treatment, and control.

Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension was 26.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]:25.5, 27.3). Among the population, 86.04% (95%CI: 84.7, 87.3) were aware of their condition, 81.18% (95%CI: 79.5, 82.8) were receiving treatment, and blood pressure was controlled in 70.15% (95%CI: 68, 72.2) of the treated hypertensive patients. In the adjusted model, older participants, those with low physical activity, individuals with a family history of hypertension, and patients with a history of diabetes or comorbidities of diabetes and dyslipidemia exhibited higher odds of having hypertension, as well as increased awareness. Additionally, being overweight or obese, married, and illiterate were associated with hypertension. Based on gender, women are more aware of their hypertension, receive more treatment, and have better control than men.

Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension is relatively high; therefore, health promotion strategies, including lifestyle modifications to reduce overweight and obesity and to increase physical activity, are recommended.