Sara Al Ayoubi, Ibrahim Abdelwahab, Maha Aboul-Ela, Abdalla El-Lakany, Karim Raafat
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Trifolium repens (white clover) is rich in bioactive volatiles with therapeutic potential. This study developed an advanced hybrid ultrasound-infrared-microwave hydro-distillation (UIMHD) method for efficient essential oil (EO) isolation and investigated its active sesquiterpene, pseudoionone, for multi-mechanistic neuroprotection in diabetic neuropathy (DN). The optimized UIMHD system synergistically combined ultrasound cavitation, infrared heating, and microwave hydro-distillation, enhancing yield and reducing time versus conventional extraction. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) profiling identified pseudoionone as the dominant constituent. Pharmacological evaluations were performed in alloxan-induced diabetic mice to assess antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and anticonvulsant activities. Cytokine modulation (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10), oxidative stress markers (CAT, GSH, TBARS), and strychnine-induced seizure assays were conducted to elucidate mechanisms. The UIMHD technique increased T. repens essential oil (TR-EO) yield by 62.5% and shortened isolation time by 50%. Pseudoionone (49.16%) exhibited potent hypoglycemic and insulin-restorative effects, alleviated thermal hyperalgesia and tactile allodynia, and improved antioxidant defenses. Both the TR-EO and pseudoionone significantly down-regulated TNF-α and IL-6 while up-regulating IL-10, indicating anti-inflammatory cytokine balance restoration. Additionally, pseudoionone delayed strychnine-induced tonic seizures, suggesting functional involvement of glycinergic pathways. Strong antibacterial and antibiofilm activities were also observed against multidrug-resistant Shigella dysenteriae. The advanced UIMHD method provides a sustainable platform for isolating bioactive volatiles from T. repens. Pseudoionone emerges as a multi-target natural agent mitigating diabetic neuropathy via TNF-α/IL-6/IL-10 modulation, oxidative- stress restoration, and strychnine-sensitive GlyR potentiation.
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The journal aims to provide an international platform for scientists, researchers and academicians to promote, share and discuss new findings, current issues, and developments in the different areas of food and drug analysis.
The scope of the Journal includes analytical methodologies and biological activities in relation to food, drugs, cosmetics and traditional Chinese medicine, as well as related disciplines of topical interest to public health professionals.
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