Clinical competence level in otoscopy and management of otitis media assessed through an objective structured clinical examination in pediatrics.

Abstract

Background: During professional training, the acquisition of otoscopic skills necessary for accurate diagnosis of ear pathology is often assumed. Studies have reported challenges residents face in mastering this skill.

Objective: To assess and compare the level of clinical competence between first-year and third-year pediatric residents in otoscopic skills, and their performance in the diagnosis and management of otitis media, through using an objective structured clinical examination.

Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational study. Pediatric residents at the Dr. Federico Gómez Children's Hospital of Mexico were recruited. A 7-station objective structured clinical examination was designed, allotting 10 minutes for each station and 5 minutes for feedback. Independent sample Student's t-test and ANOVA were performed to analyze changes in clinical competence and its attributes.

Results: A total of 56 pediatric residents participated, including 27 first-year residents (48.2%) and 29 third-year residents (51.7%). Third-year residents demonstrated higher skills in attributes such as follow-up planning, diagnostic reasoning, patient history-taking, and overall otorhinolaryngology clinical competence.

Conclusions: Third-year pediatric residents exhibit a higher level of clinical competence compared to first-year residents.