Primary Fallopian Tube Carcinoma: Clinicopathological Characteristics, Therapeutic Management and Prognostic Factors in a Cohort of 72 Patients.

Abstract

Background: Primary fallopian tube carcinoma is a rare gynecologic malignancy with clinical and biological features overlapping epithelial ovarian cancer. Due to its low incidence, data regarding prognostic factors and optimal therapeutic strategies remain limited. Methods: This retrospective study included patients who underwent surgical treatment for primary fallopian tube carcinoma between 2014 and 2025 at the First Oncological Surgery Unit of a tertiary cancer institute. Clinicopathological characteristics, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes were evaluated. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to identify prognostic factors. Results: Seventy-two patients were included in our study. Advanced-stage disease predominated, with FIGO stage IIIâIV identified in the majority of cases. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 33.3% of patients, while 95.8% received adjuvant chemotherapy. Complete cytoreduction was achieved in 75% of patients. On multivariate analysis, the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with poorer survival (p=0.042). Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was associated with improved survival (p=0.031), while FIGO stage approached statistical significance. Conclusions: Primary fallopian tube carcinoma frequently presents at an advanced stage and requires complex multimodal management. Despite advances in molecular profiling and surgical techniques, early detection remains elusive due to the subtle and non-specific nature of symptoms and the anatomical inaccessibility of the fallopian tubes.