Analysis of prosthetic outcomes and influencing factors in patients with alveolar bone atrophy.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate implant-supported prosthetic outcomes and influencing factors in alveolar bone atrophy.

Material and methods: One hundred and fifty patients with atrophy receiving implants (2021-2022) were followed for 2 years. Success (n = 97, 64.7%) and failure (n = 53, 35.3%) groups were compared using univariate analysis, followed by multivariate logistic regression to identify factors associated with overall failure and Cox regression to assess time to failure.

Results: Univariate analysis identified age, gender, smoking, implant length, and prosthesis type as significant (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression showed short implant length (< 10 mm) as the sole independent risk factor for failure (OR = 4.418, p = 0.004); age ≥ 60 years (OR = 2.560, p = 0.094) and female gender (OR = 1.127, p = 0.807) were not significant. Multivariable Cox regression revealed age ≥ 60 years as a significant predictor of earlier failure (HR = 2.558, p = 0.010), while female gender and short implants were not (p > 0.05). Kaplan-Meier curves showed significant survival differences for age (p = 0.010), gender (p = 0.023), and implant length (p = 0.021).

Conclusion: Short implant independently increases failure risk; age ≥ 60 years accelerates failure. Bone augmentation is preferred. Findings need validation.