Water Footprint for Rice Cultivation in the Brazilian Semi-Arid: Subsidies for Better Irrigation Practices and Sustainability

IF 3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of The American Water Resources Association Pub Date : 2026-07-10 DOI:10.1111/1752-1688.70135

Jocimar Coutinho Rodrigues Junior, Francisco Gonçalves Feijão Neto, Bruna Scandolara Magnus, Simone Machado Santos, Lourdinha Florencio, Anderson Luiz Ribeiro de Paiva

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Abstract

The Water Footprint is a key indicator for assessing agricultural water use in semi-arid regions. This study quantified and analyzed the Water Footprint of rice cultivation in the Terra Nova and Guaribas basins, Brazilian semi-arid, using meteorological data from 2010 to 2019. Green and Blue components were estimated using the CROPWAT model, based on crop evapotranspiration, while the Gray component was calculated from fertilizer-related pollutant loads according to Brazilian legislation. The methodology integrated land-use and land-cover analysis from remote sensing and statistical modeling (ANOVA and Pearson correlation) to evaluate the influence of climatic variables (precipitation, temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, solar radiation, and evapotranspiration). Results showed significant differences between basins, with averages of 3748.37 m³/ton in Terra Nova and 11,701.42 m³/ton in Guaribas. These differences are linked to climatic variability, land use, and water availability. Relative humidity was inversely related to Blue Water consumption in Terra Nova, while temperature was the dominant factor in Guaribas. Rainwater harvesting and improved irrigation efficiency are recommended for Terra Nova, whereas drip irrigation and soil moisture conservation are suggested for Guaribas. These findings highlight the need to integrate climatic and land-use factors to improve water management in semi-arid regions.

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巴西半干旱地区水稻种植的水足迹：为更好的灌溉方法和可持续性提供补贴

水足迹是评估半干旱区农业用水的关键指标。本研究利用2010年至2019年的气象数据，量化并分析了巴西半干旱地区特拉诺瓦和瓜里巴斯盆地水稻种植的水足迹。绿色和蓝色成分是使用基于作物蒸散量的CROPWAT模型估计的，而灰色成分是根据巴西立法根据肥料相关污染物负荷计算的。该方法综合了遥感和统计模型（方差分析和Pearson相关）的土地利用和土地覆盖分析，以评估气候变量（降水、温度、相对湿度、风速、太阳辐射和蒸散）的影响。结果表明，不同流域间差异显著，Terra Nova的平均值为3748.37 m3/t， Guaribas的平均值为11,701.42 m3/t。这些差异与气候变化、土地利用和水资源供应有关。相对湿度与Terra Nova的蓝水消耗呈负相关，而温度是瓜里巴斯的主导因素。特拉诺瓦建议采用雨水收集和提高灌溉效率，瓜里巴斯则建议采用滴灌和保持土壤水分。这些发现突出表明，需要将气候和土地利用因素结合起来，以改善半干旱地区的水管理。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of The American Water Resources Association 环境科学-地球科学综合

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

12.50%

发文量

100

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： JAWRA seeks to be the preeminent scholarly publication on multidisciplinary water resources issues. JAWRA papers present ideas derived from multiple disciplines woven together to give insight into a critical water issue, or are based primarily upon a single discipline with important applications to other disciplines. Papers often cover the topics of recent AWRA conferences such as riparian ecology, geographic information systems, adaptive management, and water policy. JAWRA authors present work within their disciplinary fields to a broader audience. Our Associate Editors and reviewers reflect this diversity to ensure a knowledgeable and fair review of a broad range of topics. We particularly encourage submissions of papers which impart a ''take home message'' our readers can use.