A Dynamic Priority-Aware Task Offloading and Resource Allocation Strategy Assisted by RSU-Relay in Vehicular Edge Computing

Abstract

The rapid advancement of the Internet of Vehicular has enabled a wide range of vehicular applications, intensifying the demand for low-latency and high-efficiency computation. However, the limited onboard computing capabilities and the highly dynamic nature of vehicular networks present significant challenges for task offloading and resource allocation. To tackle these challenges, Vehicular Edge Computing (VEC) incorporates Roadside Units (RSU) not only as computing nodes but also as relay nodes capable of multi-hop task forwarding, effectively extending the offloading scope and mitigating transmission constraints in sparse or high-mobility scenarios. Moreover, due to the diversity of task demands and fluctuating resource availability, it becomes essential to dynamically adjust task priorities to ensure timely task completion and efficient resource utilization. In this paper, we propose a novel Computing Offloading and Resource Allocation strategy under Relay Collaboration (CORA-RC). CORA-RC exploits the dual roles of RSU as computing and relay nodes to extend the offloading range and improve flexibility, while jointly optimizing task offloading, dynamic priority adjustment, and resource allocation. Simulation results demonstrate that CORA-RC ensures the timely completion of security-related tasks while effectively reducing the average task delay, thereby achieving the lowest average weighted cost among all compared strategies.