Occupational stress, anxiety, and PTSD following needle stick injuries in orthopaedic healthcare workers: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background

Needle stick injuries (NSIs) represent a serious occupational hazard for healthcare workers (HCWs), particularly in surgical departments like orthopaedics. Beyond the risk of blood-borne infections, NSIs can cause significant psychological distress.

Objectives

To assess the incidence of NSIs and associated psychological outcomes such as stress, anxiety, and PTSD among doctors and nurses in the orthopaedics department.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey of 337 HCWs was conducted using a structured online questionnaire. Data on demographics, NSI experience, reporting behavior, anxiety (GAD-7), PTSD (IES-R), and perceived stress were collected and analyzed using SPSS.

Results

Among 327 eligible participants, 103 (31.5%) reported NSIs in the past year. NSI rates were significantly higher among junior and senior resident doctors compared to consultants (p < 0.0001), and among female nurses compared to males (p = 0.0002). Mechanisms included suture needles (27.7%), braided sutures (23.5%), bony ends (21%), orthopaedic instruments (18.5%), and washing instruments (9.2%). Female nurses showed significantly higher anxiety and PTSD scores than males. Junior and senior residents reported more psychological distress compared to consultants.

Conclusion

Needle stick injuries are common among orthopaedic HCWs and are associated with considerable psychological impact. Preventive training, proper reporting, and mental health support are essential.