Anatomical description and detection of aluminum in Aerial structures of adult plants of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY

Protoplasma Pub Date : 2026-07-17 DOI:10.1007/s00709-026-02244-4

Verónica Monserrat Rodríguez-Sánchez, Jessica Edith Solis-de la Cruz, Ma Concepción Guzmán-Ramos, Judith Márquez-Guzmán, Rocío Cruz-Ortega

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Abstract

Anatomical insights from plant studies offer a unique way to understand the tissue-level adaptations that enable some species to develop aluminum (Al) tolerance. To conduct functional anatomy studies, methods are required that uphold both structural integrity and cellular chemical stability. Previous research on the Al-tolerant species in Fagopyrum esculentum has focused primarily on physiological mechanisms, leaving technical and structural gaps regarding its sequestration in tissues. This research presents a histochemical approach to elucidate Al compartmentalization in mature F. esculentum plants. Samples were preserved with a modified Zamboni fixative to avoid metal leaching before being embedded in glycol methacrylate (GMA). High-quality 12 μm sections were obtained. For anatomical description, Toluidine Blue O was utilized, while Chromazurol S (CAS) was employed for histochemistry. In addition, laser microdissection of the leaves and Al quantification by ICP-MS were performed. The results revealed a progressive acropetal gradient. The marginal papillae of the leaves exhibited a concentration of 4352 ± 0.5 mg Al*kg⁻¹ DW (1.6 times higher than the lamina fraction). This pattern shows that Al sequestration in this region is a permanent trait inherited from the developmental start. This study offers a replicable foundation for exploring metal compartmentalization and detoxification processes in F. esculentum and related metal-tolerant herbaceous plants.

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荞麦成株空中结构中铝的解剖描述与检测。

来自植物研究的解剖学见解提供了一种独特的方式来理解组织水平的适应，使一些物种能够发展铝（Al）耐受性。为了进行功能解剖学研究，需要既保持结构完整性又保持细胞化学稳定性的方法。以往对荞麦（Fagopyrum esculentum）耐铝物种的研究主要集中在生理机制上，对其在组织中的封存存在技术和结构上的空白。本研究提出了一种组织化学方法来阐明成熟植物Al区隔化。在将样品包埋在甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯（GMA）中之前，用改良的Zamboni固定液保存样品以避免金属浸出。获得了高质量的12 μm切片。解剖描述采用甲苯胺蓝O (Toluidine Blue O)，组织化学采用Chromazurol S （CAS）。此外，还对叶片进行了激光显微解剖和ICP-MS定量分析。结果显示渐增的顶尖梯度。叶子边缘乳头的浓度为4352±0.5 mg Al*kg⁻¹DW（比叶面高1.6倍）。这种模式表明，该区域的铝封存是一种从发育开始就遗传的永久性特征。该研究为探索黄皮草及相关耐金属草本植物的金属区隔和解毒过程提供了可复制的基础。

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来源期刊

Protoplasma 生物-细胞生物学

CiteScore

6.60

自引率

6.90%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Protoplasma publishes original papers, short communications and review articles which are of interest to cell biology in all its scientific and applied aspects. We seek contributions dealing with plants and animals but also prokaryotes, protists and fungi, from the following fields: cell biology of both single and multicellular organisms molecular cytology the cell cycle membrane biology including biogenesis, dynamics, energetics and electrophysiology inter- and intracellular transport the cytoskeleton organelles experimental and quantitative ultrastructure cyto- and histochemistry Further, conceptual contributions such as new models or discoveries at the cutting edge of cell biology research will be published under the headings "New Ideas in Cell Biology".