Ziwei Yang, Yang Lv, Hui Hui, Yu Wang, Guangcong Liu, Hongwei Wang, Qi Zhang, Jianjun Liu
{"title":"Indoor Environmental Exposure and Multisystem Health Outcomes in Older Adults During Winter in Northern China: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Ziwei Yang, Yang Lv, Hui Hui, Yu Wang, Guangcong Liu, Hongwei Wang, Qi Zhang, Jianjun Liu","doi":"10.1155/ina/1708234","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Given older adults′ physiological vulnerabilities, compounded by prolonged indoor environmental exposure and heightened health susceptibility, a thorough investigation into the potential health impacts of indoor microenvironments, particularly during Northern China′s winter, becomes imperative. The results indicated that indoor environmental exposure was closely associated with inflammatory and immune function, hematological status, and cardiovascular health in older adults. With respect to inflammation and immunity, the direct effects of environmental factors were generally weak; however, the relevant indicators were significantly influenced by the interaction between smoking and age, suggesting that inflammatory and immune responses may be more strongly modulated by individual physiological characteristics. In terms of hematological health, particulate matter exposure may impair the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, whereas exposure to CO and CO<sub>2</sub> may further disrupt hematological homeostasis. Regarding cardiovascular health, high temperature and elevated O<sub>3</sub> exposure were significantly associated with increased cardiovascular burden. Further interaction analyses revealed clear multifactorial coupling in the health effects of the indoor environment. Under conditions of higher humidity, the association between formaldehyde and inflammatory/immune indicators became more pronounced; under higher temperature conditions, the adverse effect of TVOC on hematological indicators was stronger. Meanwhile, the association between PM<sub>2.5</sub> and cardiovascular health indicators was enhanced at higher CO<sub>2</sub> levels, and the cardiovascular effects of O<sub>3</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> were also more evident under high-temperature conditions. This study provides a theoretical basis for precise health risk assessment and offers scientific support for developing more effective indoor environmental intervention strategies for older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/1708234","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Indoor air","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1155/ina/1708234","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Given older adults′ physiological vulnerabilities, compounded by prolonged indoor environmental exposure and heightened health susceptibility, a thorough investigation into the potential health impacts of indoor microenvironments, particularly during Northern China′s winter, becomes imperative. The results indicated that indoor environmental exposure was closely associated with inflammatory and immune function, hematological status, and cardiovascular health in older adults. With respect to inflammation and immunity, the direct effects of environmental factors were generally weak; however, the relevant indicators were significantly influenced by the interaction between smoking and age, suggesting that inflammatory and immune responses may be more strongly modulated by individual physiological characteristics. In terms of hematological health, particulate matter exposure may impair the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, whereas exposure to CO and CO2 may further disrupt hematological homeostasis. Regarding cardiovascular health, high temperature and elevated O3 exposure were significantly associated with increased cardiovascular burden. Further interaction analyses revealed clear multifactorial coupling in the health effects of the indoor environment. Under conditions of higher humidity, the association between formaldehyde and inflammatory/immune indicators became more pronounced; under higher temperature conditions, the adverse effect of TVOC on hematological indicators was stronger. Meanwhile, the association between PM2.5 and cardiovascular health indicators was enhanced at higher CO2 levels, and the cardiovascular effects of O3 and PM2.5 were also more evident under high-temperature conditions. This study provides a theoretical basis for precise health risk assessment and offers scientific support for developing more effective indoor environmental intervention strategies for older adults.
期刊介绍：
The quality of the environment within buildings is a topic of major importance for public health.
Indoor Air provides a location for reporting original research results in the broad area defined by the indoor environment of non-industrial buildings. An international journal with multidisciplinary content, Indoor Air publishes papers reflecting the broad categories of interest in this field: health effects; thermal comfort; monitoring and modelling; source characterization; ventilation and other environmental control techniques.
The research results present the basic information to allow designers, building owners, and operators to provide a healthy and comfortable environment for building occupants, as well as giving medical practitioners information on how to deal with illnesses related to the indoor environment.
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
