Hierarchical porous carbon derived from Monoon longifolium seeds as high-performance supercapacitor electrodes

IF 6.2 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Carbon Letters Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI:10.1007/s42823-026-01079-6

Ariharan Arjunan, Sivaprakasam Radhakrishnan, Sung-Kon Kim

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Abstract

Electrochemical capacitors predominantly rely on porous carbon materials with high specific surface areas; however, precise control over pore size distribution remains a critical challenge in optimizing electrode performance. In this study, we present a two-step activation strategy for fabricating hierarchical porous carbon derived from Monoon longifolium seed biomass (HPC-MS), which enables systematic tuning of the pore architecture. The optimized carbon material demonstrated a high specific surface area of 898 m² g⁻¹ with well-developed hierarchical porosity. When evaluated in a two-electrode symmetric configuration, the HPC-MS electrode delivered an impressive specific capacitance of 368 F g⁻¹ at a current density of 1 A g⁻¹, along with outstanding cycling stability, retaining 97.2% of its capacitance after 5000 charge–discharge cycles. These results demonstrate the potential of waste biomass as a sustainable carbon source and provide a promising pathway for developing high-performance supercapacitors through rational pore structure engineering.

Graphical abstract

The synthesis of the hierarchical porous carbon derived from Monoon longifolium seed (HPC-MS) biomass involves a two-step process comprising chemical activation and carbonization. The activation step promotes the development of a hierarchical pore network featuring interconnected micropores, mesopores, and macropores. This multiscale architecture facilitates efficient ion transport, enhances electrolyte accessibility, and significantly improves the electrochemical performance of the resulting electrode material for high-performance supercapacitor.

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单叶草种子制备的分级多孔碳作为高性能超级电容器电极

电化学电容器主要依靠具有高比表面积的多孔碳材料；然而，精确控制孔径分布仍然是优化电极性能的关键挑战。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种两步活化策略，用于制备来自长叶单叶植物种子生物量的分层多孔碳（HPC-MS），该策略可以系统地调整孔隙结构。优化后的碳材料具有898 m²g⁻¹的高比表面积，并具有发达的分层孔隙度。当在双电极对称配置中进行评估时，HPC-MS电极在电流密度为1 a g⁻¹时提供了令人印象深刻的368 F g⁻¹的比电容，并且具有出色的循环稳定性，在5000次充放电循环后保持了97.2%的电容。这些结果证明了废弃生物质作为可持续碳源的潜力，并为通过合理的孔隙结构工程开发高性能超级电容器提供了一条有希望的途径。摘要以长叶单叶种子（HPC-MS）为原料，通过化学活化和炭化两步合成了层次化多孔碳。活化步骤促进了微孔、中孔和大孔相互连接的分层孔隙网络的发展。这种多尺度结构促进了离子的高效传输，提高了电解质的可及性，并显著提高了高性能超级电容器电极材料的电化学性能。

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来源期刊

Carbon Letters CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

20.00%

发文量

118

期刊介绍： Carbon Letters aims to be a comprehensive journal with complete coverage of carbon materials and carbon-rich molecules. These materials range from, but are not limited to, diamond and graphite through chars, semicokes, mesophase substances, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, graphenes, carbon blacks, activated carbons, pyrolytic carbons, glass-like carbons, etc. Papers on the secondary production of new carbon and composite materials from the above mentioned various carbons are within the scope of the journal. Papers on organic substances, including coals, will be considered only if the research has close relation to the resulting carbon materials. Carbon Letters also seeks to keep abreast of new developments in their specialist fields and to unite in finding alternative energy solutions to current issues such as the greenhouse effect and the depletion of the ozone layer. The renewable energy basics, energy storage and conversion, solar energy, wind energy, water energy, nuclear energy, biomass energy, hydrogen production technology, and other clean energy technologies are also within the scope of the journal. Carbon Letters invites original reports of fundamental research in all branches of the theory and practice of carbon science and technology.