The structure and heat resistance of the surface layers formed by depositing powder mixtures of boron, chromium and tungsten onto corrosion-resistant steel

IF 0.9 4区材料科学 Q4 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Metallurgist Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI:10.1007/s11015-025-02070-8

E. A. Pukhova, P. M. Petukhova, V. E. Andryushkina, V. A. Bataev, Yu. N. Malyutina, E. V. Domarov

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Abstract

Surface layers having a thickness of ~ 2 mm, alloyed with tungsten, chromium, and boron, were formed on the samples of steel 12Kh18N9T (0.12C–18Cr–9Ni–Ti) by non-vacuum electron beam surfacing. The structure and phase composition of two types of alloys, obtained by depositing powder mixtures containing 10 or 20 wt. % tungsten in combination with 5 wt. % chromium and 30 wt. % boron, were studied. The surface layers, deposited by electron beam surfacing, exhibit a pre-eutectic structure comprising a solid solution (matrix) and colonies of lamellar eutectics with complex borides (hardening particles). After depositing the powder mixture (10W–5Cr–30B), the ductile matrix of the alloy is represented by a solid solution of chromium and nickel in γ‑Fe, with the eutectics containing (Cr, Fe)₂B particles. The alloy obtained by depositing a mixture with increased tungsten content (20W–5Cr–30B) exhibits two types of solid solutions: γ‑Fe(Cr, Ni) and α‑Fe(Cr, Ni). The eutectic colonies contain borides, such as (Cr, Fe)₂B and (Cr, W)₃B₄. The heat resistance of the modified layers exceeds that of steel 12Kh18N9T (AISI 321) by a factor of 5 (tested at 650 °C for 100 h). During oxidation of the surface-alloyed materials, an oxide film of the (Fe_3–хCr_х)O₄ type is formed.

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将硼、铬和钨的粉末混合物沉积在耐腐蚀钢上所形成的表面层的结构和耐热性

采用非真空电子束堆焊方法，在12Kh18N9T （0.12C-18Cr-9Ni-Ti）钢表面形成了厚度约2 mm的钨、铬、硼合金层。通过沉积含有10或20 wt的粉末混合物获得的两种合金的结构和相组成。%钨结合5 wt。%铬和30 wt。%硼，进行了研究。电子束表面沉积的表层呈现出由固溶体（基体）和具有复合硼化物（硬化颗粒）的片层共晶组成的预共晶结构。粉末混合物（10W-5Cr-30B）沉积后，合金的韧性基体以铬和镍在γ - Fe中的固溶体为代表，共晶中含有（Cr, Fe）2B颗粒。通过增加钨含量的混合物（20W-5Cr-30B）沉积得到的合金表现出两种类型的固溶体：γ - Fe（Cr, Ni）和α - Fe（Cr, Ni）。共晶菌落中含有（Cr, Fe）2B和（Cr， W）3B4等硼化物。改性层的耐热性比12Kh18N9T （AISI 321）钢的耐热性高出5倍（在650 °C下测试100 h）。在表面合金材料氧化过程中，形成（Fe3 -хCrх）O4型氧化膜。

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来源期刊

Metallurgist 工程技术-冶金工程

CiteScore

1.50

自引率

44.40%

发文量

151

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Metallurgist is the leading Russian journal in metallurgy. Publication started in 1956. Basic topics covered include: State of the art and development of enterprises in ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy and mining; Metallurgy of ferrous, nonferrous, rare, and precious metals; Metallurgical equipment; Automation and control; Protection of labor; Protection of the environment; Resources and energy saving; Quality and certification; History of metallurgy; Inventions (patents).