Comparative Study of Vinyl Polymerization of Styrene-Based Polymers Using Free Radical and Ultrasound Initiation

IF 3.1 4区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

ChemPlusChem Pub Date : 2026-07-08 DOI:10.1002/cplu.70203

Nur Syuhada Abas, Nor Saadah Mohd Yusof, Noordini M. Salleh

{"title":"Comparative Study of Vinyl Polymerization of Styrene-Based Polymers Using Free Radical and Ultrasound Initiation","authors":"Nur Syuhada Abas, Nor Saadah Mohd Yusof, Noordini M. Salleh","doi":"10.1002/cplu.70203","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the polymerization behavior of styrene and a liquid crystalline acrylate (MA) monomer under free radical and ultrasound initiation, highlighting method-dependent selective efficiency. Structural confirmation was achieved via 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and FTIR, with molecular weights (Mn) determined by 1H NMR. Ultrasound-initiated styrene polymerization, yielding higher Mn and rapid conversion within 60 min, whereas free radical polymerization achieved higher overall conversion over longer times, demonstrating its time-dependent reliability. Ultrasound initiation proved ineffective for liquid crystalline acrylate polymers (P5–P8) and its copolymers (CP3–CP4), likely due to incomplete initiator activation, residual oxygen, monomer structural constraints, and equipment set up limitations, whereas free radical polymerization enabled successful synthesis (P1–P4, CP1–CP2). POM analysis of polymer P4 revealed that the nematic mesophase at 166 °C and CP2 at 106 °C. All polymers exhibited outstanding thermal stability, with 5% weight loss above 350 °C, highlighting their suitability for high-temperature processing and applications. These findings demonstrate the critical role of initiation strategy, solvent choice, and monomer characteristics in controlling polymerization kinetics and molecular architecture, providing insights and possible control for the design of thermally robust LCP-based materials for advanced functional applications.","PeriodicalId":148,"journal":{"name":"ChemPlusChem","volume":"91 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1000,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ChemPlusChem","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cplu.70203","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study explores the polymerization behavior of styrene and a liquid crystalline acrylate (MA) monomer under free radical and ultrasound initiation, highlighting method-dependent selective efficiency. Structural confirmation was achieved via ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and FTIR, with molecular weights (M_n) determined by ¹H NMR. Ultrasound-initiated styrene polymerization, yielding higher M_n and rapid conversion within 60 min, whereas free radical polymerization achieved higher overall conversion over longer times, demonstrating its time-dependent reliability. Ultrasound initiation proved ineffective for liquid crystalline acrylate polymers (P5–P8) and its copolymers (CP3–CP4), likely due to incomplete initiator activation, residual oxygen, monomer structural constraints, and equipment set up limitations, whereas free radical polymerization enabled successful synthesis (P1–P4, CP1–CP2). POM analysis of polymer P4 revealed that the nematic mesophase at 166 °C and CP2 at 106 °C. All polymers exhibited outstanding thermal stability, with 5% weight loss above 350 °C, highlighting their suitability for high-temperature processing and applications. These findings demonstrate the critical role of initiation strategy, solvent choice, and monomer characteristics in controlling polymerization kinetics and molecular architecture, providing insights and possible control for the design of thermally robust LCP-based materials for advanced functional applications.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

苯乙烯基聚合物的自由基聚合和超声引发的比较研究。

本研究探讨了苯乙烯和液晶丙烯酸酯（MA）单体在自由基和超声引发下的聚合行为，强调了方法依赖的选择效率。通过1H NMR， 13C NMR和FTIR进行结构确认，1H NMR测定分子量（Mn）。超声波引发的苯乙烯聚合，在60分钟内产生更高的Mn和快速转化，而自由基聚合在更长的时间内实现更高的整体转化，证明了其时间依赖性的可靠性。超声波引发对液晶丙烯酸酯聚合物（P5-P8）及其共聚物（CP3-CP4）无效，可能是由于引发剂激活不完全、残余氧、单体结构限制和设备设置限制，而自由基聚合则可以成功合成（P1-P4, CP1-CP2）。聚合物P4在166℃和CP2在106℃的POM分析中显示为向列相中间相。所有聚合物都表现出出色的热稳定性，在350°C以上失重5%，突出了它们适合高温加工和应用。这些发现证明了引发策略、溶剂选择和单体特性在控制聚合动力学和分子结构方面的关键作用，为设计用于高级功能应用的热坚固的lcp基材料提供了见解和可能的控制。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

ChemPlusChem CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

200

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： ChemPlusChem is a peer-reviewed, general chemistry journal that brings readers the very best in multidisciplinary research centering on chemistry. It is published on behalf of Chemistry Europe, an association of 16 European chemical societies. Fully comprehensive in its scope, ChemPlusChem publishes articles covering new results from at least two different aspects (subfields) of chemistry or one of chemistry and one of another scientific discipline (one chemistry topic plus another one, hence the title ChemPlusChem). All suitable submissions undergo balanced peer review by experts in the field to ensure the highest quality, originality, relevance, significance, and validity.