Community-based peer education as a tool for the prevention of breast cancer: a narrative review.

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer remains a major threat to women, especially in low-resource settings like Nigeria, where awareness and screening are limited. Peer education may offer a practical way to improve early detection and prevention in these communities.

Objective: To examine how peer education supports breast cancer prevention in communities by exploring its delivery methods, impact on knowledge and behaviour and the cultural and practical factors that shape its effectiveness.

Methods: A narrative review was conducted to explore the role of community-based peer education in breast cancer prevention. Relevant studies published between 2010 and 2025 were identified through a systematic search of six databases (CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Medline and APA PsycINFO) using specific keywords. After screening and applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, data were extracted from selected studies and thematically analysed to identify patterns, benefits and challenges of peer education interventions.

Result: Out of 818 studies initially retrieved, only 18 met the eligibility criteria and were reviewed, covering diverse locations and participant groups, mostly from high-income countries. The studies showed that peer education delivered through various methods and tailored to cultural contexts significantly improved breast cancer awareness, screening behaviours and community engagement, though challenges like role confusion, cultural barriers and logistical issues were also reported.

Conclusion: This review concludes that peer education is an effective, adaptable strategy for promoting breast cancer prevention in community settings, especially among underserved populations.