A cybernetic framework for synthetic biological intelligence in the era of neural tissue engineering.

Abstract

Advances in synthetic biology and tissue engineering have enabled the design and assembly of neural constructs from first principles, renewing interest in cybernetics for understanding control, adaptation, and intelligence. To address shortcomings of artificial intelligence, researchers increasingly draw on the learning, robustness, and energy efficiency of living cognitive systems. Synthetic biological intelligences (SBIs) are beginning to leverage embodied biological computation, while cybernetics provides substrate-agnostic principles to guide minimal cognition research.