The Impact of TikTok on Elections: (Mis)information and Regulatory Challenges

Abstract

TikTok's algorithm-driven feed is reshaping electoral communication, yet a clear understanding of its effects is lacking. This study synthesizes and appraises evidence on how the platform's design and governance shape political (dis)information and may affect electoral dynamics. Based on a systematic review of 140 studies published between 2021 and 2025, the paper identifies several recurring patterns. The literature suggests that the platform's algorithms tend to amplify sensational content and may increase youth exposure to political messaging. National security concerns over data sovereignty have prompted platform bans, and opaque “visibility moderation” policies may hinder efforts to correct misinformation. Current research is often limited by small samples and restricted data access, which affects the generalizability of findings. We conclude that TikTok functions as a fast-moving marketplace for political ideas in which algorithmic incentives may shape conditions relevant to electoral integrity. Therefore, transparent data access and continued cross-disciplinary research are important for addressing these challenges.