Histological and Biochemical Assessment of Camel Milk in Protective and Therapeutic Aspirin-Induced Gastric and Liver Damage in Rabbits.

Abstract

The study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of camel milk against aspirin-induced gastric mucosal injury. The role of camel milk therapy in improving health status in rabbits was investigated through diagnostic and histological examinations of gastric tissues. All rabbits, 32 New Zealand white rabbits weighing between 1200 and 1800 g and aged between 3 and 5 months, were housed in standard laboratory environments (60% humidity, 20°C-25°C, and typical field rearing), and the animals were randomly divided into four groups, each containing eight rabbits. The control Group S represented the control group, while Group S1 received camel milk (15 mL/day) orally once daily. The Group S2 received a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight (BW) of the drug aspirin once daily oral dose. Whereas the Group S3 received a 15 mL/day dose of camel milk, Group S3 received camel milk 15 mL/day together with aspirin 150 mg/kg BW/day. The drug aspirin was administered once daily. The experiment lasted for a period of 70 days in a controlled environmental laboratory after performing a histopathological examination of the stomach tissues, as well as a biochemical analysis of liver function markers. The incidence and severity of gastric ulcers were significantly reduced in the camel milk-treated group compared to the aspirin group (p < 0.05). In addition, the significant differences (p < 0.01) in liver function were observed in variation in ALT, DB, TP, albumin, and ALP in Group S1 in comparison to Group S. The results show a nonsignificant decrease in AST and TB levels in both Groups S1 and S3, compared to Group S. The histological results also showed a decrease in inflammatory infiltration and tissue damage in the rabbit Group S3 compared to the Group S2 that consumed aspirin only. In conclusion, the results showed that one of the properties of camel milk, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, is highly effective in preventing and treating aspirin-induced gastric and liver damage.