Solar power for maternal and neonatal care after the Jajarkot earthquake, Nepal.

Abstract

Problem: A 6.4-magnitude earthquake struck Jajarkot district in Karnali province, Nepal, on 3 November 2023, disrupting electricity supply at essential birthing centres and health posts. The loss of power disabled baby warmers and heating systems, putting mothers and babies at risk.

Approach: The World Health Organization (WHO) Country Office in Nepal conducted rapid facility assessments across eight municipalities and identified three priority birthing centres with critical power deficits. In partnership with the health ministry and local authorities, WHO identified local vendors to install hybrid 5.45 kW photovoltaic systems within 17 days of contract initiation to ensure continuous, off-grid power supply.

Local setting: The three facilities, serving over 7500 people, are located in steep, mountainous terrain. One of the facilities had no grid connection and the two others relied on unreliable seasonal hydropower, which fails during the winter dry season.

Relevant changes: By the end of December 2023, the hybrid photovoltaic systems were operational, providing 24-hour electricity supply. Baby warmers and room heaters were in continuous use, reducing newborn hypothermia risk. Institutional deliveries increased: Pajaru Kha Health Post recorded five deliveries in two weeks following installation compared with none during the preceding winter period (October-December 2023).

Lessons learnt: The installation was facilitated by rapid assessment, early engagement of pre-identified local vendors, and use of existing supply chains and technical capacity. Strong coordination among WHO, the health ministry and local governments enabled timely decision-making. Prior health cluster coordination training, clear governance mechanisms, streamlined approvals and access to emergency funding helped maintain momentum and ensure on-schedule procurement and installation.