Viking's Heirs: The Rise of Planetary Flyers.

Abstract

After Viking proved that long-term, meaningful scientific data could be sent reliably from the martian surface, the field fundamentally shifted. Its success reshaped how scientists and engineers formulated their research and planned future missions. In a similar way, the Ingenuity Mars Helicopter's demonstration of flight changes the paradigm, enabling new ways to do science on Mars and other planetary bodies. Rotorcraft enable increased range and coverage, access to hazardous terrain, and access to the atmospheric boundary layer. These capabilities expand the scientific reach of future missions. In astrobiology, aerial explorers could revolutionize the study of subsurface cavities and potential refuges for life, the detection of trace gases, high-resolution geological mapping, sampling or sample retrieval, and planetary protection. The technology driving improvements in both standalone rotorcraft and coordinated fleets of aerial vehicles is progressing quickly. As these systems mature, they are poised to become essential tools in planetary exploration.