Neighborhood conditions and physical health, neurocognitive, and academic outcomes in youth with spina bifida.

IF 2.4 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Journal of Pediatric Psychology Pub Date : 2026-06-23 DOI:10.1093/jpepsy/jsag036

Breana L Bryant, Diana M Ohanian, Kristopher M Bryant, Taylor L Hilderbrand, Grayson N Holmbeck

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: This study examines associations between geocoded neighborhood conditions and health, neurocognitive, and academic outcomes among youth with spina bifida (SB).

Methods: Addresses of youth with SB living in the Midwest (N = 130, Mage= 11.5 ± 2.5; 53.8% female; 51.5% non-Hispanic White) were geocoded based on census tracts and linked to state-normed Child Opportunity Index (COI) scores. Youth completed performance-based measures of attention, intelligence, working memory, cognitive flexibility, and academic achievement. Parents and teachers completed standardized questionnaires assessing attention, executive functioning, academic achievement, and academic competence. Parents also reported health complications (e.g., shunt revisions, urinary tract infections). Regression analyses controlled for age and lesion level.

Results: COI scores were significantly and positively associated with youth attention, working memory, intelligence, cognitive flexibility and academic achievement, but not with health complications or inhibition.

Conclusions: Neighborhood factors were significantly associated with several neurocognitive and academic subdomains in youth with SB. These results highlight the importance of devoting resources to better serve youth with SB living in lower-opportunity neighborhoods and can be used to support systems and policies driving equitable outcomes for these youth.

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脊柱裂青年的邻里条件与身体健康、神经认知和学业成绩

目的：本研究探讨了地理编码邻里条件与脊柱裂（SB）青少年健康、神经认知和学业成绩之间的关系。方法：根据人口普查区对居住在中西部地区的SB青年（N = 130, Mage= 11.5±2.5；53.8%为女性；51.5%为非西班牙裔白人）的地址进行地理编码，并与州规范的儿童机会指数（COI）得分相关联。青少年完成了基于表现的注意力、智力、工作记忆、认知灵活性和学术成就的测试。家长和老师完成了评估注意力、执行功能、学术成就和学术能力的标准化问卷。家长还报告了健康并发症（如分流术修正、尿路感染）。回归分析控制了年龄和病变程度。结果：COI得分与青少年注意力、工作记忆、智力、认知灵活性和学业成绩显著正相关，与健康并发症或抑制无显著正相关。结论：社区因素与SB青少年的几个神经认知和学术子领域显著相关。这些结果强调了投入资源更好地服务生活在低机会社区的SB青少年的重要性，并可用于支持促进这些青少年公平结果的系统和政策。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Pediatric Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

11.10%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Journal of Pediatric Psychology is the official journal of the Society of Pediatric Psychology, Division 54 of the American Psychological Association. The Journal of Pediatric Psychology publishes articles related to theory, research, and professional practice in pediatric psychology. Pediatric psychology is an integrated field of science and practice in which the principles of psychology are applied within the context of pediatric health. The field aims to promote the health and development of children, adolescents, and their families through use of evidence-based methods.