Incidence and Risk Factors of Gastric Retention Associated With Enteral Nutrition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q2 NURSING

International Journal of Nursing Practice Pub Date : 2026-06-23 DOI:10.1111/ijn.70164

Tiantian Li, Nan Qu, Lifeng Zhang, Xingyu Liu, Liping Cui, Pei Gao

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Gastric retention is a common complication in enteral nutrition, which may lead to interruption of nutrition, malnutrition, electrolyte imbalance and other problems. Up-to-date knowledge of its incidence and influencing factors is crucial for optimal management strategies of enteral nutrition.

Aim

This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify the incidence of retention of gastric contents in patients receiving enteral feeding and to identify significant influencing factors.

Design

This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data Sources and Review Methods

Using established methods and searching from database inception to 18 May 2025, we searched CNKI, Wanfang Data, CBM, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library. RevMan 5.4 software was used to perform the meta-analysis.

Results

A meta-analysis of 14 studies involving 2642 patients receiving enteral nutrition reported a 32.0% incidence of gastric retention. Nineteen factors associated with gastric retention were identified. Notably, descriptive analyses indicated that early initiation of enteral nutrition (OR = 0.37) and concomitant use of probiotics (OR = 0.22) were protective against the development of gastric retention.

Conclusion

Findings support clinicians and nurses in more accurately identifying high-risk patients and formulating targeted intervention strategies based on the identified risk factors.

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肠内营养相关胃潴留的发生率和危险因素：一项系统回顾和荟萃分析

胃潴留是肠内营养的常见并发症，可导致营养中断、营养不良、电解质失衡等问题。了解其发病率和影响因素对肠内营养的最佳管理策略至关重要。目的本研究旨在通过系统回顾和荟萃分析，量化肠内喂养患者胃内容物潴留的发生率，并找出显著影响因素。本研究采用系统综述和荟萃分析。采用已建立的方法，检索自建库至2025年5月18日，检索了CNKI、万方数据、CBM、VIP、PubMed、Web of Science、EMBASE和Cochrane Library。采用RevMan 5.4软件进行meta分析。结果一项涉及2642例接受肠内营养的患者的14项研究的荟萃分析报告了32.0%的胃潴留发生率。确定了19个与胃潴留相关的因素。值得注意的是，描述性分析表明，早期开始肠内营养（OR = 0.37）和同时使用益生菌（OR = 0.22）对胃潴留的发展有保护作用。结论研究结果支持临床医生和护士更准确地识别高危患者，并根据已识别的危险因素制定有针对性的干预策略。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Nursing Practice NURSING-

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： International Journal of Nursing Practice is a fully refereed journal that publishes original scholarly work that advances the international understanding and development of nursing, both as a profession and as an academic discipline. The Journal focuses on research papers and professional discussion papers that have a sound scientific, theoretical or philosophical base. Preference is given to high-quality papers written in a way that renders them accessible to a wide audience without compromising quality. The primary criteria for acceptance are excellence, relevance and clarity. All articles are peer-reviewed by at least two researchers expert in the field of the submitted paper.