Hypertension and 10-year risk of coronary artery diseases in adult population: Yazd healthy heart project.

Abstract

Background: The incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) is influenced by several risk factors, including hypertension. Although the association between hypertension and CAD has been investigated in Western countries, limited research has been conducted in Asia and the Middle East. We investigated the association between hypertension and the 10year risk of CAD in the adult population.

Methods: In this cohort study, 2,000 participants aged 20 to 74 years in the Yazd Healthy Heart Project were enrolled in 2005-2006 and followed up to 2015-2016. Participants with a history of CAD were excluded. At baseline, data on demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, biochemical blood tests, and lifestyle factors were collected. The association between hypertension and approximately 10year CAD risk was assessed using the Cox regression model.

Results: The baseline prevalence of hypertension among adults was 36.1%. During the tenyear followup, CAD incidence was 16.8% in men, 12.0% in women, and 14.5% in the total population. After adjusting for potential confounders, hypertension increased the risk of CAD in men (HR = 1.64; 95% CI: 1.09-2.46), women (HR = 2.16; 95% CI: 1.15-4.05), and the whole sample (HR = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.23-2.43). This association was similar in men and women (p for interaction ≥0.05).

Conclusion: This study demonstrated a significant association between hypertension and CAD risk, highlighting the need for targeted interventions in populations with hypertension to reduce CAD risk.