Determination of Progoitrin, Sinigrin, and Glucoerucin in Early and Mid-groups of Indian Cauliflower for Breeding Use

Abstract

Glucosinolates are the key secondary metabolites in Brassica crops and play a major role in both plant and human health. The present study aimed to analyse glucosinolates in the early group (15 parental lines, 50 F1 hybrids) and the mid group (9 parental lines and 20 F1 hybrids) of Indian cauliflower. The two sets were grown during June to October and September to January period, respectively. Progoitrin, sinigrin and glucoerucin were analyzed using LC–MS and total glucosinolates by an UV–VIS spectrophotometer. Significant (P < 0.05) differences were observed in the tested genotypes and F1 hybrids. Over all, total glucosinolates ranged from 1.400 to 6.710 µmol/g in genotypes and 1.960–7.291 µmol/g in F1 hybrids of cauliflower. Progoitrin varied from 0.00 to 1.345 µmol/g in genotypes and 0.0–1.485 µmol/g in F1 hybrids. DCEH14 and DCEH26 of the early and DCMH14 of the mid group had the lowest progoitrin. Maturity groups also influenced glucosinolate content. PC1 and PC2 explained variance 71.5% and 88.9% for parents while 63.1% and 64.8% for F1 hybrids of the early and the mid groups, respectively. A significant correlation was observed between the progoitrin and sinigrin content. Negligible amount of progoitrin in some genotypes/F1 hybrids highlights scope for breeding varieties/hybrids with low-goitrogenic compounds.