Uncovering the Predisposing Factors of Mucormycosis: Insights from Systematic Review.

Abstract

Mucormycosis is a life-threatening fungal infection with high morbidity and mortality, particularly affecting immunocompromised individuals. Despite its growing clinical significance, its true global prevalence remains unclear. This systematic review identifies the key risk factors, epidemiological trends, and clinical challenges associated with mucormycosis. A comprehensive literature search was conducted to analyze global case reports, underlying predisposing conditions, and regional variations in disease manifestation. The leading risk factor in developed nations is hematological malignancies, while uncontrolled diabetes mellitus dominates in regions like India. Environmental and climatic factors influence fungal exposure and disease progression. Diagnosis remains challenging due to nonspecific symptoms, contributing to delayed treatment and poor outcomes. Early recognition of risk factors and improved diagnostic strategies are critical to reducing mucormycosis-related mortality. Public health initiatives must prioritise awareness, especially in high-risk populations. Further research is needed to address gaps in treatment and prevention.