What Is Inclusive Occupational Therapy for People Living With Dementia? Lessons From Collaborative Workshops With Diverse Communities.

Abstract

Objective: Occupational therapy interventions for people living with dementia have been shown to have positive outcomes for the person and family carers. However, people from culturally diverse communities and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples are largely missing from research studies. People with dementia from these communities have unique needs, and they can experience health inequity. The aim of this study was to use inclusive methods to explore key factors contributing to and identify potential adaptations required for culturally inclusive and acceptable occupational therapy interventions for people living with dementia.

Methods: We adopted best practice research methodology for working with people living with dementia from diverse communities. We conducted three collaborative workshops using co-design techniques. Attendees discussed a hypothetical vignette using group problem-solving. Findings were mapped to the key cultural adaptation framework elements using content analysis.

Results: Twenty-one people from diverse communities with living experience of dementia attended one of three collaborative workshops. Participants were accepting of occupational therapy intervention components. Priority areas for delivering inclusive interventions were knowing the person, establishing a therapeutic relationship and expressing cultural humility.

Conclusion: The therapist themselves is the key factor that supports the delivery of inclusive interventions. They should be aware of and be responsive to the cultural needs of diverse communities, adjust their therapeutic approach and be prepared to offer flexibility. Working in partnership fostered successful research collaboration, showcasing how people living with dementia from diverse communities can be supported to contribute to research and potentially influence 'higher order' healthcare issues.