The influence of pregnancy and selected aspects of female health on skeletal status and fracture incidence in postmenopausal women from the RACOST-POL Study

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q4 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Journal of Clinical Densitometry Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-09 DOI:10.1016/j.jocd.2026.101717

Piotr Adamczyk, Katarzyna Sedlaczek, Bogna Drozdzowska, Wojciech Pluskiewicz

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: The postmenopausal bone health reflects the influence of various factors that have been in effect throughout life and hormonal regulation is among them. The aim of the current study is to investigate the effect of pregnancies and other factors related to female reproductive health on bone mineral density and the incidence of fractures in the postmenopausal period.

Material and methods: We performed a case-control retrospective analysis in a group of 977 postmenopausal women from the RACOST-POL cohort.

Results: In the study group, there were 894 (91.5%) women who had at least one delivery and breastfeeding was reported by 845 (86.5%) women. Bone mineral density (FN T-score) was not related to pregnancies and history of lactation, but correlated positively with age at menopause and with time of reproductive period. Low-energy fractures were reported by 286 women, which consists 29.3% of the study group. There was no difference in fracture prevalence between women who delivered (29.4%) or not (27.7%). Also the breastfeeding status was not related to fracture prevalence (28.9% in the subgroup declaring lactation and 31.8% in the others). Women with fractures had earlier age of menopause and shorter time of reproductive period in comparison to subjects without fractures (48.3 ± 5.2 vs. 49.5 ± 4.7 ys.; p < 0.001; OR 0.95 (95% CI: 0.93 – 0.98), and 34.1 ± 5.5 vs. 35.5 ± 4.9 ys.; p < 0.001; OR 0.95 (95% CI: 0.93 – 0.98), respectively). Additionally, fracture prevalence in the ‘early menopause’ (below 45 ys) subgroup was significantly higher (39.1%) than in all the others (27.8%) with OR 1.66 (95% CI: 1.13 – 2.42).

Conclusions: Our study did not show a significant association between history of pregnancies or lactation and the skeletal status in the postmenopausal period. However, a shortened period between menarche and menopause and an earlier age at menopause may have a negative impact on bone health in later life. Presented results complement the knowledge on a wide and diverse spectrum of factors modifying bone health in postmenopausal women.

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RACOST-POL研究中，怀孕和女性健康的某些方面对绝经后妇女骨骼状况和骨折发生率的影响。

绝经后的骨骼健康反映了多种因素的影响，这些因素在一生中一直起作用，激素调节就是其中之一。本研究旨在探讨怀孕及其他与女性生殖健康相关的因素对绝经后女性骨密度及骨折发生率的影响。材料和方法：我们对来自RACOST-POL队列的977名绝经后妇女进行了病例对照回顾性分析。结果：在研究组中，894名（91.5%）妇女至少有一次分娩，845名（86.5%）妇女报告母乳喂养。骨密度（FN T-score）与妊娠、哺乳史无关，但与绝经年龄、生育时间呈正相关。286名女性报告了低能性骨折，占研究组的29.3%。分娩妇女（29.4%）和未分娩妇女（27.7%）的骨折发生率无差异。此外，母乳喂养状况与骨折发生率无关（宣布哺乳期的亚组为28.9%，其他亚组为31.8%）。与未骨折的女性相比，有骨折的女性绝经年龄更早，生育期更短(48.3±5.2∶49.5±4.7;p < 0.001; OR 0.95 (95% CI: 0.93 ~ 0.98), 34.1±5.5∶35.5±4.9；P < 0.001；OR分别为0.95 （95% CI: 0.93 - 0.98）。此外，“早期绝经”（45岁以下）亚组的骨折发生率（39.1%）显著高于其他所有亚组（27.8%），OR为1.66 （95% CI: 1.13 - 2.42）。结论：我们的研究没有显示怀孕或哺乳史与绝经后骨骼状况之间的显著关联。然而，月经初潮和更年期之间的时间缩短以及更年期的年龄提前可能会对晚年的骨骼健康产生负面影响。提出的结果补充了知识的广泛和多样化的因素修改骨健康在绝经后妇女。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Clinical Densitometry 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

8.00%

发文量

审稿时长

90 days

期刊介绍： The Journal is committed to serving ISCD''s mission - the education of heterogenous physician specialties and technologists who are involved in the clinical assessment of skeletal health. The focus of JCD is bone mass measurement, including epidemiology of bone mass, how drugs and diseases alter bone mass, new techniques and quality assurance in bone mass imaging technologies, and bone mass health/economics. Combining high quality research and review articles with sound, practice-oriented advice, JCD meets the diverse diagnostic and management needs of radiologists, endocrinologists, nephrologists, rheumatologists, gynecologists, family physicians, internists, and technologists whose patients require diagnostic clinical densitometry for therapeutic management.