Post-Stroke Aspiration Pneumonia in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

IF 3.2 Q2 PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

Vascular Health and Risk Management Pub Date : 2026-06-12 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI:10.2147/VHRM.S600102

Naser Alotaibi, Mohammed A Aldriweesh, Latifah Aldohayan, Malak Almutairi, Shadin Mansour Aldhalaan, Badr Hamed Bin Khashman, Jerayed Khalid AlJerayed, Zaid Fahad Alsaaran, Nouran Y Taher, Ali Alaklabi, Salih A Bin Salih

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose: Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity among patients with neurological disorders. Post-stroke aspiration pneumonia (AP) represents a serious complication associated with high mortality. This study investigated the incidence and outcomes of AP at a tertiary care center.

Patients and methods: Retrospectively, among 5921 adult patients admitted with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke between February 2016 and January 2024, 118 who developed post-stroke aspiration pneumonia within the same admission or at a 90-day period were identified and analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were done.

Results: Among 5921 stroke patients, 118 developed post-stroke AP. The mean age was 69.5 ± 12.5 years, and 71 (60.2%) were male. Hypertension (72.9%) and diabetes mellitus (63.6%) were the most prevalent comorbidities. Ischemic stroke accounted for 79.7%, and the median NIHSS was 9 (IQR 4-15). The median pre-morbid mRS was 2 (IQR 0-5). Dysphagia was diagnosed in 54.2%, and a swallowing assessment was performed and documented in 73.5%. Common presenting features included fever (55.9%), altered consciousness (47.5%), and cough (43.2%). Median time from stroke to AP was 6 days (IQR 2-22). ICU admission was required in 46.6%, mechanical ventilation in 24.1%, and 58.5% were bedridden. In-hospital mortality was 22.0%. On multivariate logistic regression, lower GCS score was the only independent predictor of mortality (OR 0.777, 95% CI 0.629-0.959, p = 0.019).

Conclusion: Post-stroke AP remains a significant complication, with a notable mortality rate. A lower GCS score independently predicted mortality, whereas ICU admission was significant only in the univariate analysis. The overall incidence of AP in our study was lower than rates reported in other populations, possibly reflecting differences in clinical practices, patient characteristics, or variability in diagnostic ascertainment rather than a true reduction in incidence.

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沙特阿拉伯利雅得卒中后吸入性肺炎：回顾性队列研究

目的：脑卒中是神经系统疾病患者发病的主要原因。卒中后吸入性肺炎（AP）是与高死亡率相关的严重并发症。本研究调查了三级医疗中心AP的发生率和预后。患者和方法：回顾性分析2016年2月至2024年1月住院的5921例缺血性或出血性卒中成年患者，其中118例在同一次住院期间或90天内发生卒中后吸入性肺炎。进行了单因素和多因素分析。结果：5921例脑卒中患者中，卒中后AP 118例，平均年龄69.5±12.5岁，男性71例（60.2%）。高血压（72.9%）和糖尿病（63.6%）是最常见的合并症。缺血性卒中占79.7%，NIHSS中位数为9 （IQR 4-15）。发病前mRS中位数为2 （IQR 0-5）。54.2%的患者被诊断为吞咽困难，73.5%的患者进行了吞咽评估并记录在案。常见的临床表现包括发热（55.9%）、意识改变（47.5%）和咳嗽（43.2%）。从卒中到AP的中位时间为6天（IQR 2-22）。ICU住院46.6%，机械通气24.1%，卧床58.5%。住院死亡率为22.0%。在多因素logistic回归中，较低的GCS评分是死亡率的唯一独立预测因子（OR 0.777, 95% CI 0.629-0.959, p = 0.019）。结论：卒中后AP仍然是一个重要的并发症，具有显著的死亡率。较低的GCS评分独立预测死亡率，而ICU入院仅在单变量分析中具有重要意义。在我们的研究中，AP的总发病率低于其他人群中报道的发病率，这可能反映了临床实践、患者特征或诊断确定的差异，而不是发病率的真正降低。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Vascular Health and Risk Management PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE-

CiteScore

4.20

自引率

3.40%

发文量

109

审稿时长

16 weeks

期刊介绍： An international, peer-reviewed journal of therapeutics and risk management, focusing on concise rapid reporting of clinical studies on the processes involved in the maintenance of vascular health; the monitoring, prevention, and treatment of vascular disease and its sequelae; and the involvement of metabolic disorders, particularly diabetes. In addition, the journal will also seek to define drug usage in terms of ultimate uptake and acceptance by the patient and healthcare professional.