Anti-inflammatory effect of Canis familiaris (dog) gingival derived microorganisms on Porphyromonas gingivalis derived lipopolysaccharide treated RAW 264.7 macrophage.

Abstract

Porphyromonas gingivalis is recognized for its significant association with periodontal diseases, encompassing conditions like gingivitis and periodontitis. P. gingivalis infiltrates periodontal tissues, liberating diverse outer membrane vesicles, notably lipopolysaccharide (LPS). These vesicles serve as triggers for innate immune responses, fostering inflammation. For this reason, LPS is commonly studied in research as a key tool for exploring microbiome infection and colonization dynamics. In the present study, we discovered a Canis familiaris Canine derived novel microbiome associated with the reduction of PG-LPS. We identified C. familiaris Canine derived microbiome, and we cultured candidate effective microbiome. Subsequently, in order to investigate the PG-LPS reducing effects of the microbiome, we conducted RAW 264.7 macrophage culture. We validated the expression patterns of inflammation marker genes on microbiome treatment in PG-LPS induced RAW 264.7. As a result, concentration of Nitric oxide, which were used for inflammation markers were decreased by candidate microbiome treatment. In addition, inflammation marker genes (interleukin 1 beta [IL1B], interleukin 6 [IL6], and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-a]) were down regulated in microbiome and LPS co-treatment while it was up-regulated in RAW 264.7 cell induced with LPS as control group, which suggested that the candidate microbiome may have reduced the inflammation, but the mechanism in which this would have been done is yet known. Further studies should focus on elucidating the mechanism associated with candidate microbiomes and Inflammation reduction.