Triglyceride-glucose index and systemic immune-inflammation index are associated with left ventricular hypertrophy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Abstract

Objective: To examine the relationship between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Additionally, to assess the ability of the combination of TyG index and SII to predict LVH.

Methods: We enrolled 600 patients with T2DM and divided them into two groups according to the diagnostic criteria for LVH. Differences in demographic characteristics and clinical indicators between the two groups were compared. Spearman's or Pearson's correlation analysis was employed to find the correlation between TyG index, SII and left ventricular mass index (LVMI). Logistic regression was utilized to examine the associations of the TyG index, SII and LVH. The ability of the combination of TyG index and SII to predict LVH in T2DM patients was assessed by plotting a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

Results: In the LVH group, both the TyG index and SII demonstrated markedly elevated levels compared to the non-LVH group, and these parameters exhibited a positive association with LVMI. Logistic regression revealed that, after adjusting for confounders, both the TyG index (OR = 5.62, 95% CI: 2.882 ~ 10.959, P < 0.001) and SII (OR = 1.014, 95% CI: 1.01 ~ 1.017, P < 0.001) were independent predictors for LVH in T2DM. ROC analysis demonstrated that the combined index provided the strongest predictive capability for the occurrence of LVH (area under the curve: AUC = 0.857, 95% CI: 0.826 ~ 0.888, sensitivity 84.4%, specificity 72.9%).

Conclusion: Both TyG index and SII are independent predictors for LVH. The combined index of TyG index and SII shows stronger discriminative ability for identifying LVH in T2DM patients.

Clinical trial number: Not applicable.