{"title":"Nanotherapeutic Interventions in Diabetic Wound Healing: Biomarker- Guided Mechanisms and Translational Prospects.","authors":"Pranjal Sachan, Jyotsana Dwivedi, Pranay Wal, Kamallochan Barman, Hanish Singh Jayasingh Chellammal, Selora Agasti, Ramenani Hari Babu, Abhijit Dutta","doi":"10.2174/0113892037446299260428105758","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that is frequently complicated by impaired wound healing, resulting in diabetic foot ulcers, amputations, and long-term disability. Conventional wound management strategies often fail due to persistent inflammation, oxidative stress, vascular dysfunction, and neuropathy. Recent advances in nanotechnology and biomarker research have emerged as promising approaches to improve diabetic wound healing outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, Elsevier, Web of Science, and Google Scholar to identify relevant studies published up to January 2025. Peerreviewed original research articles and reviews were screened using keywords related to diabetic wound healing, nanotherapeutics, nanoparticles, biomarkers, tissue engineering, and clinical translation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nanotherapeutic systems, including metallic nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, nanofibres, lipid-based carriers, hydrogels, and bioengineered exosomes, have demonstrated antimicrobial, pro-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects in preclinical and clinical studies. These systems promote accelerated wound closure, enhance collagen deposition, improve angiogenesis, and reduce the inflammatory burden. Additionally, emerging biomarkers, such as microRNAs, cytokines, and angiogenic factors, provide valuable insights into wound progression, therapeutic response, and tissue regeneration. The integration of biomarker monitoring with nanocarrier-based delivery systems supports a personalised and adaptive wound care strategy.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The combined application of nanotherapeutics and biomarker-based diagnostics addresses key pathological barriers in diabetic wound healing and offers improved therapeutic precision. However, translational challenges remain, including biosafety concerns, long-term toxicity, regulatory complexities, and variability in clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nanotechnology-based therapeutics integrated with biomarker-driven assessment represent a promising and evolving paradigm for DM wound management, with the potential to enhance healing efficiency and support personalised treatment approaches; further large-scale clinical validation is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":10859,"journal":{"name":"Current protein & peptide science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current protein & peptide science","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113892037446299260428105758","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that is frequently complicated by impaired wound healing, resulting in diabetic foot ulcers, amputations, and long-term disability. Conventional wound management strategies often fail due to persistent inflammation, oxidative stress, vascular dysfunction, and neuropathy. Recent advances in nanotechnology and biomarker research have emerged as promising approaches to improve diabetic wound healing outcomes.
Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, Elsevier, Web of Science, and Google Scholar to identify relevant studies published up to January 2025. Peerreviewed original research articles and reviews were screened using keywords related to diabetic wound healing, nanotherapeutics, nanoparticles, biomarkers, tissue engineering, and clinical translation.
Results: Nanotherapeutic systems, including metallic nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, nanofibres, lipid-based carriers, hydrogels, and bioengineered exosomes, have demonstrated antimicrobial, pro-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects in preclinical and clinical studies. These systems promote accelerated wound closure, enhance collagen deposition, improve angiogenesis, and reduce the inflammatory burden. Additionally, emerging biomarkers, such as microRNAs, cytokines, and angiogenic factors, provide valuable insights into wound progression, therapeutic response, and tissue regeneration. The integration of biomarker monitoring with nanocarrier-based delivery systems supports a personalised and adaptive wound care strategy.
Discussion: The combined application of nanotherapeutics and biomarker-based diagnostics addresses key pathological barriers in diabetic wound healing and offers improved therapeutic precision. However, translational challenges remain, including biosafety concerns, long-term toxicity, regulatory complexities, and variability in clinical outcomes.
Conclusion: Nanotechnology-based therapeutics integrated with biomarker-driven assessment represent a promising and evolving paradigm for DM wound management, with the potential to enhance healing efficiency and support personalised treatment approaches; further large-scale clinical validation is warranted.
糖尿病是一种慢性代谢紊乱，常并发伤口愈合受损，导致糖尿病足溃疡、截肢和长期残疾。由于持续的炎症、氧化应激、血管功能障碍和神经病变，传统的伤口管理策略经常失败。纳米技术和生物标志物研究的最新进展已经成为改善糖尿病伤口愈合结果的有希望的方法。方法：通过PubMed、ScienceDirect、Elsevier、Web of Science、谷歌Scholar等网站进行综合文献检索，找出截至2025年1月发表的相关研究。通过与糖尿病伤口愈合、纳米治疗、纳米颗粒、生物标志物、组织工程和临床翻译相关的关键词筛选同行评议的原创研究文章和综述。结果：纳米治疗系统，包括金属纳米粒子、聚合纳米粒子、纳米纤维、脂质载体、水凝胶和生物工程外泌体，在临床前和临床研究中已经证明了抗菌、促血管生成、抗炎和抗氧化作用。这些系统促进伤口加速愈合，增强胶原沉积，促进血管生成，减少炎症负担。此外，新兴的生物标志物，如microrna、细胞因子和血管生成因子，为伤口进展、治疗反应和组织再生提供了有价值的见解。生物标志物监测与基于纳米载体的递送系统的集成支持个性化和适应性伤口护理策略。讨论：纳米治疗和基于生物标志物的诊断的联合应用解决了糖尿病伤口愈合的关键病理障碍，并提供了更高的治疗精度。然而，翻译方面的挑战仍然存在，包括生物安全问题、长期毒性、监管复杂性和临床结果的可变性。结论：基于纳米技术的治疗方法与生物标志物驱动的评估相结合，代表了DM伤口管理的一个有前途的和不断发展的范例，具有提高愈合效率和支持个性化治疗方法的潜力；进一步的大规模临床验证是必要的。
期刊介绍：
Current Protein & Peptide Science publishes full-length/mini review articles on specific aspects involving proteins, peptides, and interactions between the enzymes, the binding interactions of hormones and their receptors; the properties of transcription factors and other molecules that regulate gene expression; the reactions leading to the immune response; the process of signal transduction; the structure and function of proteins involved in the cytoskeleton and molecular motors; the properties of membrane channels and transporters; and the generation and storage of metabolic energy. In addition, reviews of experimental studies of protein folding and design are given special emphasis. Manuscripts submitted to Current Protein and Peptide Science should cover a field by discussing research from the leading laboratories in a field and should pose questions for future studies. Original papers, research articles and letter articles/short communications are not considered for publication in Current Protein & Peptide Science.
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