Comparative evaluation of junctional adhesion molecule 3 and paired box gene 1 methylation, cytology, E6/E7 messenger RNA, and high-risk human papillomavirus testing for detecting precancerous cervical lesions.

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 PATHOLOGY

Cytojournal Pub Date : 2026-05-30 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI:10.25259/Cytojournal_239_2024

Shan Luo, Chunlin Tao, Fengmian Wang, Tingyan Shi, Rong Zhang

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of junctional adhesion molecule 3 and paired box gene 1 methylation, cytology, E6/E7 messenger RNA, and high-risk human papillomavirus testing for detecting precancerous cervical lesions.","authors":"Shan Luo, Chunlin Tao, Fengmian Wang, Tingyan Shi, Rong Zhang","doi":"10.25259/Cytojournal_239_2024","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study evaluated paired box gene 1 (PAX1) and junctional adhesion molecule 3 (JAM3) methylation as biomarkers for detecting cervical precancerous lesions, comparing their performance with cytology, E6/E7 messenger RNA (mRNA) testing, and high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) detection.Material and methods: This retrospective study included 288 patients with abnormal human papillomavirus (HPV)-DNA or cytological findings warranting colposcopy who were enrolled between February 2023 and February 2024. Demographic data, cytology, HPV-DNA, E6/E7 mRNA, and PAX1/JAM3 methylation results were analyzed. Optimal methylation thresholds were identified using Youden's index.Results: Methylation rates of PAX1 and JAM3 correlated with lesion severity: The combined positive rate of PAX1 and JAM3 methylation (positive for either marker) increased progressively from normal tissues (11.6%) to low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) (27.8%), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) (79.2%), and cancer (100%). For HSIL + detection, PAX1/JAM3 methylation showed high sensitivity (82.0%), specificity (83.3%), and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.826. Comparatively, AUCs for cytology, HPV 16/18, hrHPV, and E6/E7 testing ranged from 0.578 to 0.768. Combining PAX1/JAM3 with these methods improved diagnostic performance, with AUCs up to 0.831.Conclusion: PAX1 and JAM3 methylation testing demonstrates robust diagnostic potential for cervical precancerous lesions and complements existing screening methods.","PeriodicalId":49082,"journal":{"name":"Cytojournal","volume":"23 ","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13255164/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Cytojournal","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.25259/Cytojournal_239_2024","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2026/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PATHOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives: This study evaluated paired box gene 1 (PAX1) and junctional adhesion molecule 3 (JAM3) methylation as biomarkers for detecting cervical precancerous lesions, comparing their performance with cytology, E6/E7 messenger RNA (mRNA) testing, and high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) detection.

Material and methods: This retrospective study included 288 patients with abnormal human papillomavirus (HPV)-DNA or cytological findings warranting colposcopy who were enrolled between February 2023 and February 2024. Demographic data, cytology, HPV-DNA, E6/E7 mRNA, and PAX1/JAM3 methylation results were analyzed. Optimal methylation thresholds were identified using Youden's index.

Results: Methylation rates of PAX1 and JAM3 correlated with lesion severity: The combined positive rate of PAX1 and JAM3 methylation (positive for either marker) increased progressively from normal tissues (11.6%) to low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) (27.8%), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) (79.2%), and cancer (100%). For HSIL + detection, PAX1/JAM3 methylation showed high sensitivity (82.0%), specificity (83.3%), and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.826. Comparatively, AUCs for cytology, HPV 16/18, hrHPV, and E6/E7 testing ranged from 0.578 to 0.768. Combining PAX1/JAM3 with these methods improved diagnostic performance, with AUCs up to 0.831.

Conclusion: PAX1 and JAM3 methylation testing demonstrates robust diagnostic potential for cervical precancerous lesions and complements existing screening methods.

查看原文本刊更多论文

结缔组织粘附分子3和配对盒基因1甲基化、细胞学、E6/E7信使RNA和高危人乳头瘤病毒检测检测宫颈癌前病变的比较评价

目的：本研究评估配对盒基因1 （PAX1）和连接粘附分子3 （JAM3）甲基化作为检测宫颈癌前病变的生物标志物，并将其与细胞学、E6/E7信使RNA （mRNA）检测和高危人乳头瘤病毒（hrHPV）检测的性能进行比较。材料和方法：本回顾性研究纳入了288例在2023年2月至2024年2月期间接受阴道镜检查的人乳头瘤病毒（HPV） dna异常或细胞学检查结果异常的患者。分析人口统计学数据、细胞学、HPV-DNA、E6/E7 mRNA和PAX1/JAM3甲基化结果。使用约登指数确定最佳甲基化阈值。结果：PAX1和JAM3的甲基化率与病变严重程度相关：PAX1和JAM3甲基化的总阳性率（两种标记物均为阳性）从正常组织（11.6%）逐渐增加到低级别鳞状上皮内病变（LSIL）（27.8%）、高级别鳞状上皮内病变（HSIL）（79.2%）和癌症（100%）。对于HSIL +检测，PAX1/JAM3甲基化具有较高的敏感性（82.0%）、特异性（83.3%）和曲线下面积（AUC）为0.826。相比之下，细胞学、HPV 16/18、hrHPV和E6/E7检测的auc范围为0.578 ~ 0.768。PAX1/JAM3与这些方法联合使用提高了诊断性能，auc高达0.831。结论：PAX1和JAM3甲基化检测对宫颈癌前病变具有强大的诊断潜力，是现有筛查方法的补充。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Cytojournal PATHOLOGY-

CiteScore

2.20

自引率

42.10%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： The CytoJournal is an open-access peer-reviewed journal committed to publishing high-quality articles in the field of Diagnostic Cytopathology including Molecular aspects. The journal is owned by the Cytopathology Foundation and published by the Scientific Scholar.