Research progress in the catalysts for direct carbonylation of glycerol with CO2 to glycerol carbonate

Q3 Energy

燃料化学学报 Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-15 DOI:10.1016/S1872-5813(26)60695-0

Yuhua WANG , Hongguang LI , Ying XU , Yongli KOU , Mingxing ZHAO , Ning ZHAO

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Abstract

The carbonylation of glycerol with carbon dioxide (CO₂) to produce glycerol carbonate is an effective route for the resource utilization of CO₂, which can not only alleviate the carbon emission but also enable the synthesis of value-added chemicals. As this reaction process suffers from low glycerol conversion due to the thermodynamic limitation, introducing a coupling agent besides an appropriate catalyst is necessary to achieve the efficient synthesis of glycerol carbonate. This article systematically reviews the recent research progress in the homogeneous catalysts (inorganic bases and organic bases) and heterogeneous catalysts (Zn, Cu, Ce, La, Mg, noble metal, modified zeolite, non-metallic materials, etc.) for the direct carbonylation of glycerol with CO₂. The strategies such as metal oxide modification, support optimization, precursor selection, and construction of acidic-basic sites to enhance the catalytic performance are analyzed, while the effects of coupling agents (acetonitrile, adiponitrile, 2-cyanopyridine, MgCO₃, CaC₂, NaHCO₃, etc.) are summarized. Among them, 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU), Zn(QTf)₂, and metal composite oxides such as ZnO-CeO₂ have demonstrated promising catalytic performance in the carbonylation of glycerol with CO₂. To enhance the efficiency for the carbonylation of glycerol with CO₂, following measures should be taken in the future: developing organometallic complexes or composite metal oxides with highly dispersed active sites and specially tailored morphologies to modulate the surface area, pore size, and surface acidity/basicity of the catalysts; optimizing coupling agents or designing novel membrane reactors to improve the glycerol conversion; introducing polar solvents to improve the adsorption and activation capabilities of reactants and thereby to boost the catalytic activity. All these would provide valuable references for the catalyst design and reaction system optimization in the carbonylation of glycerol with CO₂.

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甘油与CO2直接羰基化制碳酸甘油催化剂的研究进展

甘油与二氧化碳羰基化制备碳酸甘油是二氧化碳资源化利用的有效途径，既可以减轻碳排放，又可以合成高附加值化学品。由于热力学限制，该反应过程中甘油转化率较低，为了实现碳酸甘油的高效合成，除了适当的催化剂外，还需要引入偶联剂。本文系统地综述了近年来用于甘油与CO2直接羰基化反应的均相催化剂（无机碱和有机碱）和非均相催化剂（Zn、Cu、Ce、La、Mg、贵金属、改性沸石、非金属材料等）的研究进展。分析了金属氧化物改性、载体优化、前驱体选择、酸碱位点构建等提高催化性能的策略，总结了偶联剂（乙腈、己二腈、2-氰吡啶、MgCO3、CaC2、NaHCO3等）对催化性能的影响。其中1,8-重氮双环[5.4.0]十一-7-烯（DBU）、Zn(QTf)2以及ZnO-CeO2等金属复合氧化物在甘油与CO2羰基化反应中表现出良好的催化性能。为了提高甘油与二氧化碳羰基化反应的效率，未来应采取以下措施：开发具有高度分散活性位点的有机金属配合物或复合金属氧化物，并对催化剂的表面积、孔径和表面酸碱度进行专门的调整；优化偶联剂或设计新型膜反应器提高甘油转化率；引入极性溶剂，提高对反应物的吸附和活化能力，从而提高催化活性。为甘油与CO2羰基化反应的催化剂设计和反应体系优化提供了有价值的参考。下载：下载高清图片（96KB）下载：下载全尺寸图片

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来源期刊

燃料化学学报 Chemical Engineering-Chemical Engineering (all)

CiteScore

2.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

5825

期刊介绍： Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology (Ranliao Huaxue Xuebao) is a Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) journal started in 1956, sponsored by the Chinese Chemical Society and the Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS). The journal is published bimonthly by Science Press in China and widely distributed in about 20 countries. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology publishes reports of both basic and applied research in the chemistry and chemical engineering of many energy sources, including that involved in the nature, processing and utilization of coal, petroleum, oil shale, natural gas, biomass and synfuels, as well as related subjects of increasing interest such as C1 chemistry, pollutions control and new catalytic materials. Types of publications include original research articles, short communications, research notes and reviews. Both domestic and international contributors are welcome. Manuscripts written in Chinese or English will be accepted. Additional English titles, abstracts and key words should be included in Chinese manuscripts. All manuscripts are subject to critical review by the editorial committee, which is composed of about 10 foreign and 50 Chinese experts in fuel science. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology has been a source of primary research work in fuel chemistry as a Chinese core scientific periodical.