Geothermal regime of High Arctic communities—Resolute Bay (Qausuittuq), Nunavut, Canada

Abstract

Remote northern communities of Canada generally rely on imported diesel and heating oil to meet energy needs. There is a strong interest in transitioning to a more renewable energy supply to reduce the carbon footprint as well as to enhance the energy sovereignty of communities. Here, we examine the geothermal energy potential of the second northernmost community in Canada, Resolute Bay (Qausuittuq) based on reassessment of historic data along with new data collection from cores and field work, as well as remote sensing-based measurements. We show that there are systematic errors in previously reported thermal gradients related to issues of drilling in regions of thick permafrost. Previous estimations as high as 39.4 °C/km are biased by transient thermal response to post-glacial rebound. We estimate the gradient to be 14.9 °C/km based on a continuous depth-temperature log but recognise it could be as high as 22 °C/km based on regional depth-temperature data. Aquifer potential is also limited except in areas where carbonate rocks are highly fractured, especially at intersecting folds related to two different periods of deformation. While previous studies overestimate the local potential, Resolute Bay could utilise some direct use heat or also develop a closed-loop system exploiting higher thermal conductivity evaporites, supplying heat for the community as well as nearby government installations.