PROTOCOL: Advancing Agent Networks and Merchant Payments for Financial Inclusion in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs): An Evidence and Gap Map.

Abstract

This Evidence and Gap Map (EGM) protocol aims to systematically identify, map, and synthesize the existing evidence on supply-side interventions that strengthen agent networks and merchant payment systems for advancing financial inclusion in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Specifically, the EGM will: (1) identify clusters of evidence that present opportunities for further evidence synthesis, including systematic reviews, and (2) highlight critical evidence gaps where additional primary research and evaluations are needed. By organizing evidence across intervention types, outcome domains, and study designs, the EGM will provide a comprehensive and accessible overview of what is known about the development of agent networks and merchant payment ecosystems. The findings will support evidence-informed decision-making by policymakers, regulators, funders, and practitioners seeking to strengthen inclusive and resilient digital financial service delivery systems in LMICs.