Strong and corrosion-resistant 3D-printed steel by self-assembled core-shell nanoparticles

IF 13.9 1区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Science Advances Pub Date : 2026-06-10 DOI:10.1126/sciadv.aea5057

Wenhua Wu, Yuxuan Zhao, Dong Qiu, Guofeng Zhang, Youyou Zhang, Yifan Zhao, Gang Sha, Mingxing Zhang, Hongbiao Dong, Hao Chen

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Abstract

Metal additive manufacturing often produces coarse columnar grains and elemental segregation, resulting in anisotropic mechanical properties and degraded corrosion resistance. We present a powder blending strategy using multicomponent carbides (MCCs) to overcome these limitations in 316L stainless steel. Upon dissolution, MCCs drive the self-assembly of uniformly distributed core-shell oxynitride-carbide nanoparticles, which sequester detrimental nitrogen/oxygen impurities and markedly refine austenite grain size from 43.9 to 2.1 micrometers. This unique microstructure control yields an excellent combination of strength and ductility. Crucially, the corrosion resistance is enhanced by suppressing chromium segregation via tungsten, niobium, and tantalum partitioning to the cell boundaries and facilitating the formation of a protective tungsten trioxide–rich passive film. This work establishes an instructive paradigm for metal additive manufacturing, demonstrating how MCCs’ introduction can tailor nanoprecipitations, grain structure, and alloy chemistry to simultaneously improve strength and corrosion resistance in structural alloys.

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由自组装的核壳纳米颗粒制成的坚固耐腐蚀的3d打印钢

金属增材制造经常产生粗柱状晶粒和元素偏析，导致力学性能各向异性和耐腐蚀性下降。我们提出了一种使用多组分碳化物（mcc）的粉末混合策略，以克服316L不锈钢的这些限制。溶解后，mcc驱动均匀分布的核壳氮化碳纳米颗粒自组装，隔离有害的氮/氧杂质，并显着将奥氏体晶粒尺寸从43.9微米细化到2.1微米。这种独特的微观结构控制产生了强度和延展性的完美结合。至关重要的是，通过钨、铌和钽向电池边界的分配抑制铬的偏析，并促进保护性的富三氧化钨钝化膜的形成，从而增强了耐腐蚀性。这项工作为金属增材制造建立了一个指导性范例，展示了mcc的引入如何能够定制纳米沉淀、晶粒结构和合金化学，同时提高结构合金的强度和耐腐蚀性。

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来源期刊

Science Advances 综合性期刊-综合性期刊

CiteScore

21.40

自引率

1.50%

发文量

1937

审稿时长

29 weeks

期刊介绍： Science Advances, an open-access journal by AAAS, publishes impactful research in diverse scientific areas. It aims for fair, fast, and expert peer review, providing freely accessible research to readers. Led by distinguished scientists, the journal supports AAAS's mission by extending Science magazine's capacity to identify and promote significant advances. Evolving digital publishing technologies play a crucial role in advancing AAAS's global mission for science communication and benefitting humankind.