Effectiveness of Dual-System Endotracheal Suction on Cardiopulmonary Functions in Mechanically Ventilated Adult Patients at Ismailia City, Egypt: Nursing Practice.

Abstract

Background: Tracheal suctioning is an essential procedure used to maintain airway patency by removing secretions. However, it is a critical nursing skill that carries potential risks. This study aims to evaluate the effects of the dual-system endotracheal suction on cardiopulmonary function in mechanically ventilated adult patients.

Materials and methods: A quasi-experimental design was employed in this study. A purposive sample of 74 patients was recruited from the intensive care unit of a teaching hospital in the city of Ismailia, Egypt. The patients were assigned to two equal groups, with 37 patients in each group: Group I received closed-system suction, while Group II received open-system suction. Data were collected using a single structured tool consisting of three sections: demographic information, health history, and a hemodynamic parameters sheet used to assess cardiopulmonary function before and after suctioning.

Results: The mean (SD) ages of the studied patients were 49 (6.70) years in Group I and 47.2 (7.10) years in Group II. There was a highly significant difference between the use of closed- and open-suction systems for cardiopulmonary function during (t = 4.23; P = 0.01) and directly postsuction (t = 4.23, P = 0.01). However, no statistically significant differences were observed between the study groups in the presuction phase.

Conclusions: Patients managed with a closed-suction system demonstrated improved cardiopulmonary function compared to those who received open suction. Therefore, the use of a closed-suction system is an effective intervention for minimizing cardiopulmonary instability and supporting the overall well-being of mechanically ventilated adult patients.