Rutin-biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles mitigate 5-fluorouracil induced neurotoxicity via modulation of the ROS/Nrf2/NF-κB mitochondrial apoptosis axis

IF 5.45 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-03 DOI:10.1016/j.nanoso.2026.101697

Salah S. Elyan , Moaz Elsayed , Nesreen ashraf , Nada Sayed , Mohamed Saleh , Madonna Osama , Sama Ahmed , Mohamed H.A. Gadelmawla , Khaled M. Alam-ElDein

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an effective chemotherapeutic agent, but its use is often limited by neurotoxic side effects. This study evaluated the neuroprotective effects of rutin (RUT), sodium selenite (Na₂SeO₃), and rutin-stabilized selenium nanoparticles (RUT-SeNPs) against 5-FU-induced neurotoxicity in rats. The animals were divided into five groups: control, 5-FU, 5-FU&Na₂SeO₃, 5-FU&RUT, and 5-FU&RUT-SeNPs. 5-FU administration caused significant neurotoxicity, including increased oxidative stress (MDA: 178.3%, NO: 146.29%), inflammatory cytokine levels (TNF-α: 196.14%, IL-6: 300.67%), and apoptotic markers (Bax: 119.43%, Caspase-3: 191.25%), and decreased neurotrophic factors and activation of astrocyte (BDNF: −51.29%, GFAP: 224.52%). Treatment with RUT-SeNPs showed the strongest neuroprotective effect, significantly reducing oxidative stress (MDA: −64.44%, NO: −50.71%), inflammatory markers (TNF-α: −60.27%, IL-6: −75.56%), and apoptotic indicators (Bax: −48.30%, Caspase-3: −56.74%). RUT-SeNPs treatment also significantly improved neurotrophic factor levels and astrocyte suppression (BDNF: 121.01%, GFAP: −60.63%) and restored Nrf2 expression (104.34%) and NF-kB levels (53.40%) to near-normal levels, as evidenced by histopathological and immunohistochemical findings. These results suggest that RUT-SeNPs offer superior neuroprotection compared to free rutin and sodium selenite and may serve as a promising adjunct to mitigate 5-FU-induced neurotoxicity.

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芦丁生物合成硒纳米颗粒通过调节ROS/Nrf2/NF-κB线粒体凋亡轴减轻5-氟尿嘧啶诱导的神经毒性

5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）是一种有效的化疗药物，但其使用往往受到神经毒性副作用的限制。该研究评估了芦丁（RUT）、亚硒酸钠（Na₂SeO₃）和芦丁稳定的硒纳米颗粒（RUT- senps）对5- fu诱导的大鼠神经毒性的神经保护作用。这些动物被分为五组：对照组、5-FU、5- fu2 SeO₃、5-FU&；RUT和5-FU&；RUT- senps。5-FU给药引起显著的神经毒性，包括增加氧化应激（MDA: 178.3%, NO: 146.29%），炎症细胞因子水平（TNF-α: 196.14%, IL-6: 300.67%）和凋亡标志物（Bax: 119.43%, Caspase-3: 191.25%），神经营养因子和星形胶质细胞活化降低（BDNF: - 51.29%, GFAP: 224.52%）。rt - senps治疗表现出最强的神经保护作用，显著降低氧化应激（MDA: - 64.44%, NO: - 50.71%）、炎症标志物（TNF-α: - 60.27%, IL-6: - 75.56%）和凋亡指标（Bax: - 48.30%, Caspase-3: - 56.74%）。经组织病理学和免疫组织化学检查，RUT-SeNPs治疗还显著改善了神经营养因子水平和星形胶质细胞抑制（BDNF: 121.01%, GFAP: - 60.63%），并使Nrf2表达（104.34%）和NF-kB水平（53.40%）恢复到接近正常水平。这些结果表明，与游离芦丁和亚硒酸钠相比，RUT-SeNPs具有更好的神经保护作用，可能作为减轻5- fu诱导的神经毒性的有希望的辅助剂。

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来源期刊

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects Physics and Astronomy-Condensed Matter Physics

CiteScore

9.20

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

22 days

期刊介绍： Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects is a new journal devoted to all aspects of the synthesis and the properties of this new flourishing domain. The journal is devoted to novel architectures at the nano-level with an emphasis on new synthesis and characterization methods. The journal is focused on the objects rather than on their applications. However, the research for new applications of original nano-structures & nano-objects in various fields such as nano-electronics, energy conversion, catalysis, drug delivery and nano-medicine is also welcome. The scope of Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects involves: -Metal and alloy nanoparticles with complex nanostructures such as shape control, core-shell and dumbells -Oxide nanoparticles and nanostructures, with complex oxide/metal, oxide/surface and oxide /organic interfaces -Inorganic semi-conducting nanoparticles (quantum dots) with an emphasis on new phases, structures, shapes and complexity -Nanostructures involving molecular inorganic species such as nanoparticles of coordination compounds, molecular magnets, spin transition nanoparticles etc. or organic nano-objects, in particular for molecular electronics -Nanostructured materials such as nano-MOFs and nano-zeolites -Hetero-junctions between molecules and nano-objects, between different nano-objects & nanostructures or between nano-objects & nanostructures and surfaces -Methods of characterization specific of the nano size or adapted for the nano size such as X-ray and neutron scattering, light scattering, NMR, Raman, Plasmonics, near field microscopies, various TEM and SEM techniques, magnetic studies, etc .