Comparative iso-conversional kinetics of raw and carbonized Dendrocalamus asper (Schult. & Schult.f.) Backer under inert and oxidative atmospheres

IF 3.9

Advances in Bamboo Science Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-27 DOI:10.1016/j.bamboo.2026.100249

Celine Rose S. Jimenez, Karlo A. Hopia, Kate D. Navor, Amando Allan DM. Bondad, Anniver Ryan P. Lapuz

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Abstract

We investigated the biomass fuel characteristics, thermal degradation behaviour and iso-conversional kinetics of raw and carbonized Philippine giant bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) under inert (N_₂) and oxidative (air) atmospheres using simultaneous TG–DTG–DSC analyses at heating rates of 5–20 °C min⁻¹. Carbonization significantly enhanced fixed carbon content (up to 64.60%), increased gross calorific value (26.96 MJ kg⁻¹) and energy density (4.59 GJ m⁻³), and substantially reduced volatile matter. In nitrogen, raw bamboo exhibited devolatilization within 200–400 °C corresponding to hemicellulose and cellulose degradation, whereas carbonized bamboo showed delayed and broadened high-temperature degradation (300–750 °C) associated with aromatic carbon restructuring. In air, raw bamboo underwent volatile oxidation followed by char combustion, while carbonized bamboo displayed a dominant oxidation stage attributed to char oxidation within 300–650 °C. Iso-conversional analyses using the Ozawa–Flynn–Wall, Starink and Friedman methods revealed conversion-dependent apparent activation energy (E_A) evolution, confirming multi-step kinetics. Under inert conditions, carbonization increased E_A at intermediate to high conversions (α = 0.6–0.8), indicating enhanced structural stability of the condensed carbon matrix. Conversely, in air, carbonized D. asper exhibited markedly lower activation energies (≈42.60–98.64 kJ mol⁻¹) compared to raw bamboo (≈73.21–176.25 kJ mol⁻¹), suggesting a potential mineral-associated catalytic effects supported by Fe_₂O_₃ enrichment in ash. Overall, carbonization induced an atmosphere-dependent shift in degradation mechanisms, and the validated conversion-dependent kinetic parameters provide intrinsic inputs for mechanistic modeling of bamboo-based biomass energy systems.

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生菖蒲和碳化菖蒲的等转化动力学比较。& Schult.f)。在惰性和氧化气氛下

在惰性（N₂）和氧化（空气）气氛下，采用TG-DTG-DSC同时分析了生菲律宾巨竹和碳化菲律宾巨竹（Dendrocalamus asper）的生物质燃料特性、热降解行为和等转化动力学。碳化显著提高了固定碳含量（高达64.60%），增加了总热值（26.96 MJ kg⁻¹）和能量密度（4.59 MJ m⁻³），并大大减少了挥发性物质。在含氮条件下，原料竹在200-400°C内发生脱挥发，与半纤维素和纤维素降解有关，而炭化竹在300-750°C内发生延迟和扩大的高温降解，与芳香碳重组有关。竹材在空气中先挥发氧化后炭氧化，而炭化竹材在300 ~ 650℃以炭氧化为主。使用Ozawa-Flynn-Wall、Starink和Friedman方法的等转换分析揭示了依赖于转换的表观活化能（EA）演化，证实了多步动力学。在惰性条件下，炭化提高了中高转化率（α = 0.6 ~ 0.8）的EA，表明凝聚碳基体的结构稳定性增强。相反，在空气中，与生竹（≈73.21-176.25 kJ mol⁻¹）相比，碳化后的竹表现出明显较低的活化能（≈42.60-98.64 kJ mol⁻¹），这表明灰中Fe₂O₃的富集支持了潜在的矿物相关的催化作用。综上所述，炭化引起了依赖于大气的降解机制转变，而经过验证的依赖于转化的动力学参数为竹基生物质能源系统的机理建模提供了内在输入。

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来源期刊

Advances in Bamboo Science

CiteScore

0.90

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0.00%

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