Effect of the use of artificial intelligence tools on clinical education and clinical decision-making of medical students during clinical rotations: A scoping review.

Abstract

Medical education is transforming due to new technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI). Although AI is being considered for medical education, its integration into the curriculum remains limited. Furthermore, few studies evaluate how these tools affect students' diagnostic accuracy during clinical rotations. This study aims to evaluate available evidence regarding AI tools in medical students, identifying their effects on clinical education and clinical decision-making, as well as their implications for medical practice during clinical rotations. For this purpose, a scoping review was conducted in December 2025. The literature search was performed across key databases using MeSH and DeCS terms. Studies published between 2015 and 2025 were included. After screening, 26 articles were included. Most studies suggest a positive effect of AI on students' clinical education and clinical decision-making, particularly in solving clinical cases and interpreting images. AI appears to support students in reaching performance levels closer to experienced physicians, which could influence medical care quality. Seven articles reported a neutral effect, warning that incorrect or unclear AI responses might cause confusion. In conclusion, this review suggests that AI may have a positive effect on medical students, especially those with less clinical experience, potentially bringing them on par with more experienced professionals. The need for structured AI integration into the curriculum is underscored, as it has the potential to improve academic performance and provide enriched learning environments. However, ensuring adequate training and regulation for its efficient use is key to addressing the associated ethical and legal implications in healthcare settings.