A Retrospective Cohort Study of Uterine Cancer Epidemiological Analysis and Age-Based Disparities in Saudi Arabian Population across 32 Years.

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate the burden of uterine tumour in Saudi Arabia during the past 32 years (1990-2021), with an emphasize on the prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Knowing these patterns strengthen the national aims of cancer control under Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) Vision 2030.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed using data retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database. The work included population from Saudi Arabia between 1990 and 2021 and tested standardization age-specific metrics, involving uterine tumour incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALYs.

Results: Uterine tumour cases raised from 507 in 1990 to 6,366 in 2021, showing a 1,170% rise. There was an increase in age-based pattern by 206%, with significant raises in women aged 30-54 and a pattern toward earlier onset (ages 34-39). Incidence increased by 300%, from 2.7 to 7.5 per 100,000, with most significant increase noticed in women over 55. DALYs correlated with uterine tumour raised by 500%, mostly affecting aged women. Death due to uterine tumour increased 4 times; the highest death rates taken place in women aged 45-49 years. An unforeseen raise in the mortality was observed among women aged 20-24 years in the period between 2004-2007.

Conclusion: The study showed an increase in the uterine tumour trends in Saudi Arabia especially in the recent years, underscores the need for upgrading the preventive policies and early detection strategies.