When randomization is not enough: divergent β-blocker trials and the illusion of universal causality.

IF 8.2 1区 医学 Q1 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS
Elmir Omerovic, Truls Råmunddal, Sandeep Jha, Petur Petursson, Kristofer Skoglund, Araz Rawshani, Björn Redfors
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引用次数: 0
当随机化是不够的:不同的β受体阻滞剂试验和普遍因果关系的幻觉。
两项针对心肌梗死(MI)后β受体阻滞剂治疗的当代随机试验得出了明显相互矛盾的结论。在西班牙和意大利进行的REBOOT研究发现,在保留射血分数的患者中,死亡或主要心血管事件没有减少。相比之下,在斯堪的纳维亚进行的BETAMI-DANBLOCK研究报告了复合终点的适度但统计学上显着的降低。普遍的反应是通过提高左心室射血分数(特别是40-49%的范围)作为决定性的解释变量来调和这种差异。这种解释提供了简单的分析,但却建立在脆弱的统计和概念基础上。根据Nancy Cartwright对因果能力的解释和Judea Pearl的可转运性框架,本文认为β受体阻滞剂表现出稳定的生理效应,其临床效益取决于因果环境。随机化确保了试验的内部有效性,但不能使遗传、系统或环境背景均质化。通过对不同环境和个体治疗效果进行平均,元分析可能会模糊而不是澄清依赖关系。REBOOT和BETAMI-DANBLOCK之间的分歧并不代表循证医学的失败,但暴露了还原主义解释的局限性。心血管医学不应该寻求普遍的真理,而应该描绘出治疗能力变得明显的因果环境。
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来源期刊
European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy
European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy Medicine-Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
CiteScore
10.10
自引率
14.10%
发文量
65
期刊介绍: The European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy (EHJ-CVP) is an international, peer-reviewed journal published in English, specifically dedicated to clinical cardiovascular pharmacology. EHJ-CVP publishes original articles focusing on clinical research involving both new and established drugs and methods, along with meta-analyses and topical reviews. The journal's primary aim is to enhance the pharmacological treatment of patients with cardiovascular disease by interpreting and integrating new scientific developments in this field. While the emphasis is on clinical topics, EHJ-CVP also considers basic research articles from fields such as physiology and molecular biology that contribute to the understanding of cardiovascular drug therapy. These may include articles related to new drug development and evaluation, the physiological and pharmacological basis of drug action, metabolism, drug interactions, and side effects.
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