Epidemiological characteristics and vaccination history analysis of pertussis in Quzhou from 2005 to 2024.

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition Pub Date : 2026-05-24 DOI:10.1186/s41043-026-01340-8

Fei Zhao, Wenjie Xu, Bo Chen, Canya Fu, Canjie Zheng, Xiaojuan Lin, Zhiying Yin

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Abstract

Background: Despite high vaccination coverage, pertussis is reemerging in China and increasingly affecting older children. This shift challenges current immunization strategies. To inform better prevention, we aimed to investigate pertussis epidemiology in Quzhou, with a focus on analyzing factors linked to the time between vaccination and illness onset among diagnosed cases.

Methods: We analyzed pertussis cases from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention (CISDCP) in Quzhou City (2005-2024) and linked them to vaccination records from the Zhejiang Immunization Program Smart Service Information System. The outcome variable was the time from the last vaccine dose to pertussis diagnosis.

Results: During 2005-2024, Quzhou reported 2,045 pertussis cases, with 93.25% concentrated in 2024. Case distribution shifted from 0 to 4 to ≥ 5 years (P < 0.001). Age‑specific incidence rose markedly in all groups in 2024 (all P < 0.001), with the highest rate observed among 5-9‑year‑olds (878.99/100,000). Among cases with known vaccination history, 83.86% had received at least one dose. Multivariable Cox regression showed that vaccination status and vaccine type were significantly associated with pertussis risk. Pertussis risk was 45% lower after the fourth dose than before it (P = 0.017). For vaccine type comparisons versus DTaP, the hazard ratio for pertussis was 0.11 for DTwP, 2.09 for DTaP-Hib, and 3.28 for DTaP-IPV/Hib (all P < 0.001).

Conclusions: The 2024 pertussis outbreak in Quzhou showed a marked age shift toward school-aged children, with the highest incidence in 5-9-year-olds. Our findings support adding a booster dose at 6 years of age and reconsidering multivalent DTaP-containing vaccines.

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衢州市2005 - 2024年百日咳流行病学特征及疫苗接种史分析

背景：尽管疫苗接种率很高，百日咳在中国再次出现，并且越来越多地影响到年龄较大的儿童。这一转变对目前的免疫战略提出了挑战。为了更好地预防，我们旨在调查衢州市百日咳流行病学，重点分析诊断病例中接种疫苗与发病时间之间的相关因素。方法：分析衢州市2005-2024年中国疾病预防控制信息系统（CISDCP）中的百日咳病例，并将其与浙江省免疫规划智能服务信息系统中的疫苗接种记录联系起来。结果变量是从最后一次疫苗剂量到百日咳诊断的时间。结果：2005-2024年衢州市共报告百日咳2045例，其中2024年百日咳病例集中93.25%。结论：衢州市2024年百日咳疫情年龄向学龄儿童转移明显，以5-9岁发病率最高。我们的研究结果支持在6岁时增加一剂加强剂，并重新考虑多价dtap含疫苗。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

2.20

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition brings together research on all aspects of issues related to population, nutrition and health. The journal publishes articles across a broad range of topics including global health, maternal and child health, nutrition, common illnesses and determinants of population health.