Anxiety, Cognitive Biases, and Evaluative Conditioning: An Eye-Tracking Experiment.

IF 1.8 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

International Review of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2026-05-11 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI:10.5334/irsp.1205

Anca Lazar, Marine Rougier, Jan De Houwer, Marco Perugini, Andrei Rusu, Florin Alin Sava

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Abstract

Prior research revealed a correlation between individual differences in neuroticism (specifically, the component of trait anxiety) and evaluative conditioning (i.e., changes in attitude due to stimulus pairings). In two studies (N = 274 and N = 294), we examined which cognitive biases may explain this relation. In an evaluative conditioning procedure that included either clearly valenced (positive or negative) or ambivalent (positive and negative) stimuli, we used eye-tracking technology to measure attentional bias (dwell time within stimulus areas of interest), valence recollection tests to measure contingency awareness and memory bias, and adjective ratings to assess interpretation bias. In the second experiment, we additionally assessed attentional avoidance strategies. Correlation analyses did not reveal significant associations between any personality variable (neuroticism, anxiety, behavioral inhibition) and evaluative conditioning effects in either experiment. Implications are discussed in terms of methodological and theoretical contributions.

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焦虑、认知偏差和评价条件反射：一项眼球追踪实验。

先前的研究揭示了神经质（特别是特质焦虑成分）和评价条件反射（即由于刺激配对而导致的态度变化）的个体差异之间的相关性。在两项研究（N = 274和N = 294）中，我们研究了哪些认知偏见可以解释这种关系。在包括明确效价（积极或消极）或矛盾效价（积极和消极）刺激的评价条件作用过程中，我们使用眼动追踪技术来测量注意偏差（在刺激感兴趣的区域内停留时间），使用效价回忆测试来测量偶发意识和记忆偏差，并使用形容词评级来评估解释偏差。在第二个实验中，我们额外评估了注意回避策略。相关分析均未发现任何人格变量（神经质、焦虑、行为抑制）与评价条件反射效应之间存在显著关联。在方法和理论贡献方面讨论了影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Review of Social Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL-

CiteScore

5.20

自引率

8.00%

发文量

审稿时长

16 weeks

期刊介绍： The International Review of Social Psychology (IRSP) is supported by the Association pour la Diffusion de la Recherche Internationale en Psychologie Sociale (A.D.R.I.P.S.). The International Review of Social Psychology publishes empirical research and theoretical notes in all areas of social psychology. Articles are written preferably in English but can also be written in French. The journal was created to reflect research advances in a field where theoretical and fundamental questions inevitably convey social significance and implications. It emphasizes scientific quality of its publications in every area of social psychology. Any kind of research can be considered, as long as the results significantly enhance the understanding of a general social psychological phenomenon and the methodology is appropriate.