Severe Disturbance of Aurora on C-Band Sentinel-1 Interferogram at Mid-Latitudes: A Case Study During 11 May 2024

IF 4.3 2区地球科学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Remote Sensing Pub Date : 2025-05-11 DOI:10.3390/rs17101687

Yixun Zhu, Chao Xiong, Yifei Ji, Simin Wang, Fengjue Wang, Feixiang Tang, B. Sun

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Abstract

Aurora is caused by the collision of high-energy particles with particles in the Earth’s atmosphere. Recent advances in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) have demonstrated significant potential for ionospheric inversion at various scales, offering new insights into auroral processes. In this study, we present the first reported perturbation of C-band SAR signals induced by auroral activity during the enormous geomagnetic storm of 11 May 2024. The auroral boundaries observed by the Special Sensor Ultraviolet Spectrographic Imager (SSUSI) align closely with Sentinel-1 interferograms, despite the event occurring at mid-latitudes. A novel application of Sentinel-1 is illustrated, namely the inversion of the two-dimensional morphology and boundaries of the aurora at very high resolution and without interference from severe weather. Sentinel-1 promises to become a new method for the detection of precipitation particles, despite operating in the C-band, which is less disturbed by the ionosphere. Interferograms can also capture small-scale sporadic plasma patches associated with aurora. Furthermore, the analysis indicates that distinct polarization channels exhibit varying sensitivity towards auroral boundaries, with cross-polarization displaying heightened responsiveness.

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中纬度地区c波段Sentinel-1干涉图对极光的严重干扰——以2024年5月11日为例

极光是由高能粒子与地球大气中的粒子碰撞引起的。合成孔径雷达（SAR）的最新进展已经证明了在不同尺度上电离层反演的巨大潜力，为了解极光过程提供了新的见解。在这项研究中，我们首次报道了2024年5月11日特大地磁风暴期间由极光活动引起的c波段SAR信号扰动。特殊传感器紫外光谱成像仪（SSUSI）观测到的极光边界与Sentinel-1干涉图紧密对齐，尽管事件发生在中纬度地区。介绍了Sentinel-1的一种新应用，即在不受恶劣天气干扰的情况下，以非常高的分辨率反演极光的二维形态和边界。Sentinel-1有望成为探测降水粒子的一种新方法，尽管它工作在c波段，受电离层的干扰较小。干涉图也可以捕捉到与极光相关的小规模零星等离子体斑块。此外，不同极化通道对极光边界表现出不同的敏感性，交叉极化通道表现出更高的响应性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Remote Sensing REMOTE SENSING-

CiteScore

8.30

自引率

24.00%

发文量

5435

审稿时长

20.66 days

期刊介绍： Remote Sensing (ISSN 2072-4292) publishes regular research papers, reviews, letters and communications covering all aspects of the remote sensing process, from instrument design and signal processing to the retrieval of geophysical parameters and their application in geosciences. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish experimental, theoretical and computational results in as much detail as possible so that results can be easily reproduced. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced.