[Study on the influencing factors of vitamin D level in female patients with knee osteoarthritis].

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of vitamin D (Vit D) and identify factors influencing Vit D deficiency in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA).

Methods: Patients diagnosed with KOA between January 2018 and December 2023 were enrolled as study subjects. A total of 260 KOA patients with available Vit D test records were included, consisting of 214 females and 46 males, with a mean age of (71.95±8.35) years and a median disease duration of 5 (4.00, 9.00) years. Differences in the severity of Vit D deficiency between the general population and KOA patients, as well as changes in Vit D levels at different stages of KOA progression, were compared. Multivariate Logistic regression and nested analysis were used to investigate the influencing factors of Vit D in female patients with KOA.

Results: A total of 260 KOA patients were included. The median Vit D level was 17.31 (12.45, 25.91) ng·mL-1. The numbers of patients with normal, insufficient, and deficient Vit D were 35, 74, and 151, respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that Vit D levels in KOA patients were influenced by female sex (OR=3.909, 95% CI(0.490, 2.236), P=0.002), imaging grading(OR=17.486, 95%CI(0.220, 5.503), P=0.034), and osteoporosis (OR=0.134, 95% CI(3.381, -0.635), P=0.004). Nested analysis demonstrated that osteoporosis with Vit D supplementation reduced the risk of Vit D deficiency (OR=0.094, P=0.014), while a history of fracture increased the risk of Vit D deficiency (OR=5.750, P=0.015).

Conclusion: Female patients with KOA are susceptible to Vit D deficiency, with Vit D levels influenced by imaging grading, osteoporosis status, and fracture history. Regular monitoring and supplementation of Vit D in female KOA patients may delay the progression of the disease.