Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Prognosis of Vemurafenib-Induced Uveitis.

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the clinical features of vemurafenib-induced uveitis and to provide clinical evidence for diagnosis and treatment.

Methods: We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and collected clinical reports on vemurafenib-induced uveitis by searching Chinese and English databases up to January 31, 2026. Clinical data were extracted and descriptive analysis was conducted.

Results: A total of 33 patients were collected, with a median age of 58 years (range 14,81). The median occurrence time of uveitis was 6 months (range 0.75, 48), with ocular redness (37.39%) and blurry vision (34.5%) as the main symptoms. Uveitis mainly involved bilateral eyes (87.9%), mainly anterior uveitis (60.6%). Optical coherence tomography examination can show normal (25.9%) and macular edema (51.9%). After discontinuing vemurafenib and receiving local, topical and/or systemic steroids, the patient's symptoms gradually improved.

Conclusion: Patients taking vemurafenib are recommended to undergo ophthalmic monitoring. During treatment, clinicians should be alert to the potential for uveitis, particularly if patients develop ocular redness and visual impairment. While the optimal treatment regimen for vemurafenib-induced uveitis is not established, topical, local, and/or systemic steroids continue to be the primary treatment approach.